Ⅳ. 语法填空
请认真阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
Most of us do not think that our homes are
1.
Every year in Britain almost 4,000 people die in accidents in the home. Three million people go to hospital each year because
2.
Here are some tips for keeping your home
4.
● Avoid(避 免) falls by 5.
● Don't climb on chairs to change light bulbs. Use a ladder.
● Make sure that you have smoke alarms in your home 6.
● Make sure everyone in your family
7.
● Reduce(减 少) falls by 8.
●Store all medicines(药) out of sight and out of the reach of 9.
● Stop children burning themselves in the bath. Always run cold water in first. Then let in hot water.
● Don't take electrical appliances(电器) into the bathroom. You could kill 10.
Can you think of any other dangers in your home?
请认真阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
Most of us do not think that our homes are
1.
dangerous
(danger) places, but they are!Every year in Britain almost 4,000 people die in accidents in the home. Three million people go to hospital each year because
2.
of
accidents in the home. Children under the age of five and older people are most likely to have 3. an
accident at home.Here are some tips for keeping your home
4.
safe
(safety).● Avoid(避 免) falls by 5.
making
(make) sure stairways are bright and tidy.● Don't climb on chairs to change light bulbs. Use a ladder.
● Make sure that you have smoke alarms in your home 6.
and
test them every month.● Make sure everyone in your family
7.
knows
(know) how to get out of the house when there is a fire.● Reduce(减 少) falls by 8.
quickly
(quick) cleaning up anything after people dropped them.●Store all medicines(药) out of sight and out of the reach of 9.
children
(child).● Stop children burning themselves in the bath. Always run cold water in first. Then let in hot water.
● Don't take electrical appliances(电器) into the bathroom. You could kill 10.
yourself
(you).Can you think of any other dangers in your home?
答案
Ⅳ.[文章大意]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就居家安全给出了一些建议。
1. dangerous 2. of 3. an 4. safe 5. making 6. and
7. knows 8. quickly 9. children 10. yourself
1. dangerous 2. of 3. an 4. safe 5. making 6. and
7. knows 8. quickly 9. children 10. yourself
解析
【分析】
首先通读全文,明确本文是介绍居家安全常识的说明文,整体时态为一般现在时。解题时先逐空分析句子结构,先判断空格处所需的词性,再结合词形转换规则、固定搭配、基础句法规则推导答案,最后将所有答案代入原文通读,验证语法逻辑和语义是否通顺。思考时可以按这个顺序推进:遇到括号给出提示词的,先观察空格前后的修饰成分,判断是否需要转换词性;没有提示词的空格,结合空格后接的成分,判断是否需要填介词、冠词、并列连词等功能词;涉及谓语动词的空,先确认主语的人称和数,确定谓语的正确形式。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词places,需要用形容词作定语修饰名词,名词danger的形容词形式为dangerous,意为“危险的”,故填dangerous。
2. 空格后接名词accidents,是固定搭配because of的用法,because of后接名词/代词/动名词,意为“因为”,故填of。
3. 此处表示泛指“一场意外”,accident是发音以元音音素开头的可数名词单数,要搭配不定冠词an,故填an。
4. 此处是固定结构keep sth + 形容词,意为“使某物保持某种状态”,名词safety的形容词形式为safe,keep your home safe即“让你的家保持安全”,故填safe。
5. 空格前是介词by,介词后接动词需要变为动名词形式,by doing sth表示“通过做某事”,故make变为making,填making。
6. 空格前后“在家安装烟雾报警器”和“每月测试报警器”是两个顺承并列的祈使句动作,用并列连词and连接,故填and。
7. 句子主语是everyone in your family,属于单数概念,全文为一般现在时,谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式,know的三单形式是knows,故填knows。
8. 空格后是动词短语clean up,需要用副词修饰动词,形容词quick的副词形式是quickly,故填quickly。
9. 此处表示“所有孩子够不到的地方”,指代群体里的所有孩子,要用可数名词child的复数形式children,故填children。
10. 句意为“你可能会伤到你自己”,此处需要反身代词作宾语指代主语you自身,you对应的反身代词是yourself,故填yourself。
【答案】
1. dangerous 2. of 3. an 4. safe 5. making 6. and 7. knows 8. quickly 9. children 10. yourself
【知识点】
1. 词性转换
2. 固定短语
3. 主谓一致
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的语法填空题,考点覆盖了初中阶段核心的词形变换、介词搭配、冠词用法、反身代词等基础知识点,主题贴合生活实际,学生在解题的同时也能掌握居家安全常识,绝大多数空都可以通过基础语法规则直接推导,适合用来巩固课内基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.8
首先通读全文,明确本文是介绍居家安全常识的说明文,整体时态为一般现在时。解题时先逐空分析句子结构,先判断空格处所需的词性,再结合词形转换规则、固定搭配、基础句法规则推导答案,最后将所有答案代入原文通读,验证语法逻辑和语义是否通顺。思考时可以按这个顺序推进:遇到括号给出提示词的,先观察空格前后的修饰成分,判断是否需要转换词性;没有提示词的空格,结合空格后接的成分,判断是否需要填介词、冠词、并列连词等功能词;涉及谓语动词的空,先确认主语的人称和数,确定谓语的正确形式。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词places,需要用形容词作定语修饰名词,名词danger的形容词形式为dangerous,意为“危险的”,故填dangerous。
2. 空格后接名词accidents,是固定搭配because of的用法,because of后接名词/代词/动名词,意为“因为”,故填of。
3. 此处表示泛指“一场意外”,accident是发音以元音音素开头的可数名词单数,要搭配不定冠词an,故填an。
4. 此处是固定结构keep sth + 形容词,意为“使某物保持某种状态”,名词safety的形容词形式为safe,keep your home safe即“让你的家保持安全”,故填safe。
5. 空格前是介词by,介词后接动词需要变为动名词形式,by doing sth表示“通过做某事”,故make变为making,填making。
6. 空格前后“在家安装烟雾报警器”和“每月测试报警器”是两个顺承并列的祈使句动作,用并列连词and连接,故填and。
7. 句子主语是everyone in your family,属于单数概念,全文为一般现在时,谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式,know的三单形式是knows,故填knows。
8. 空格后是动词短语clean up,需要用副词修饰动词,形容词quick的副词形式是quickly,故填quickly。
9. 此处表示“所有孩子够不到的地方”,指代群体里的所有孩子,要用可数名词child的复数形式children,故填children。
10. 句意为“你可能会伤到你自己”,此处需要反身代词作宾语指代主语you自身,you对应的反身代词是yourself,故填yourself。
【答案】
1. dangerous 2. of 3. an 4. safe 5. making 6. and 7. knows 8. quickly 9. children 10. yourself
【知识点】
1. 词性转换
2. 固定短语
3. 主谓一致
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的语法填空题,考点覆盖了初中阶段核心的词形变换、介词搭配、冠词用法、反身代词等基础知识点,主题贴合生活实际,学生在解题的同时也能掌握居家安全常识,绝大多数空都可以通过基础语法规则直接推导,适合用来巩固课内基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.8
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