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五、阅读理解。〔人与社会——社会生活与公共服务〕
Nowadays, the transportation is more and more convenient for people. There are many ways of transportation.
Many people like to travel by plane, but I don’t like it because an airport is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and wait for hours for the plane to take off(起飞)and it is often late. You can’t open the windows. You can’t choose the food. Planes are fast but people still need hours to go out of the airport and into the city.
I like traveling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually in cities. When you are late for a train, you can catch another one. You can walk around on the train. It takes a little more time, but you can see many interesting things on your way.
I also like cars. You can start your journey when you want to, and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also, you can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.
In fact, the choice(选择)of transportation depends on your need.
1. Which is not the good thing about the train?
A. It is safe and convenient.
B. It takes a little more time.
C. You can see interesting things.
D. You can walk around on the train.
2.(创新考法·语篇结构)Which is the structure of the passage?
3. What does the writer mainly tell us in this passage?
A. He likes to drive a car because it’s safe.
B. Choosing transportation depends on people’s need.
C. It takes a lot of time to go into and get out of the airport.
D. He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time.
Nowadays, the transportation is more and more convenient for people. There are many ways of transportation.
Many people like to travel by plane, but I don’t like it because an airport is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and wait for hours for the plane to take off(起飞)and it is often late. You can’t open the windows. You can’t choose the food. Planes are fast but people still need hours to go out of the airport and into the city.
I like traveling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually in cities. When you are late for a train, you can catch another one. You can walk around on the train. It takes a little more time, but you can see many interesting things on your way.
I also like cars. You can start your journey when you want to, and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also, you can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.
In fact, the choice(选择)of transportation depends on your need.
1. Which is not the good thing about the train?
A. It is safe and convenient.
B. It takes a little more time.
C. You can see interesting things.
D. You can walk around on the train.
2.(创新考法·语篇结构)Which is the structure of the passage?
3. What does the writer mainly tell us in this passage?
A. He likes to drive a car because it’s safe.
B. Choosing transportation depends on people’s need.
C. It takes a lot of time to go into and get out of the airport.
D. He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time.
答案
1~3. BCB
解析
【分析】
拿到这道阅读理解题，我们可以分三步梳理解题思路：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，首先定位到文中专门描述火车出行特点的第三段落，逐一比对每个选项，找出不属于火车优势的内容，也就是题目要求的“不是火车的好处”的选项。
2. 第2题是语篇结构创新考法，我们先逐段概括每一段的核心内容，梳理全文的逻辑层级：先看开头段落的作用，再看中间段落是并列还是递进关系，最后看结尾段落的作用，把梳理出来的逻辑和四个结构图逐一匹配，选出对应正确的结构。
3. 第3题是主旨大意题，我们排除只描述局部细节的干扰选项，找到全文总结段的核心观点，就能选出文章想要传递的核心主旨。
【解析】
1. 解第1题：定位原文第三段对火车的描述，文中明确提到火车安全、可以在车厢内走动、沿途能看到很多有趣的事物，这些都是火车的优点；同时提到火车“花的时间会稍多一点”，这是火车的不足，不属于利好之处，因此选B。
2. 解第2题：梳理全文行文逻辑：
第1段总起，点明当下交通便利、出行方式多样，引出全文话题；
第2、3、4段是并列的分述内容，分别介绍了飞机、火车、汽车三种不同出行方式的特点；
第5段总结全文，点明核心观点，属于典型的总-分-总结构，和选项C的结构图完全对应。
3. 解第3题：逐一排除干扰项：A选项错误，文中没有提到喜欢开车是因为安全；C选项只是描述坐飞机的局部细节，不是全文主旨；D选项逻辑错误，“花更多时间”不是作者喜欢坐火车的原因；B选项完全对应文章最后一段的核心句“In fact, the choice of transportation depends on your need.”，是全文的核心主旨，因此选B。
【答案】
1~3. BCB
【知识点】
英语细节查找，语篇结构分析，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题覆盖了小学/初中英语阅读最常见的三类题型，其中语篇结构的创新考法跳出了纯文字答题的惯性，引导学生主动梳理篇章的逻辑层级，能有效锻炼学生对整篇文章的整体把控能力，考点贴合课标要求，难度梯度设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这道阅读理解题，我们可以分三步梳理解题思路：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，首先定位到文中专门描述火车出行特点的第三段落，逐一比对每个选项，找出不属于火车优势的内容，也就是题目要求的“不是火车的好处”的选项。
2. 第2题是语篇结构创新考法，我们先逐段概括每一段的核心内容，梳理全文的逻辑层级：先看开头段落的作用，再看中间段落是并列还是递进关系，最后看结尾段落的作用，把梳理出来的逻辑和四个结构图逐一匹配，选出对应正确的结构。
3. 第3题是主旨大意题，我们排除只描述局部细节的干扰选项，找到全文总结段的核心观点，就能选出文章想要传递的核心主旨。
【解析】
1. 解第1题：定位原文第三段对火车的描述，文中明确提到火车安全、可以在车厢内走动、沿途能看到很多有趣的事物，这些都是火车的优点；同时提到火车“花的时间会稍多一点”，这是火车的不足，不属于利好之处，因此选B。
2. 解第2题：梳理全文行文逻辑：
第1段总起，点明当下交通便利、出行方式多样，引出全文话题；
第2、3、4段是并列的分述内容，分别介绍了飞机、火车、汽车三种不同出行方式的特点；
第5段总结全文，点明核心观点，属于典型的总-分-总结构，和选项C的结构图完全对应。
3. 解第3题：逐一排除干扰项：A选项错误，文中没有提到喜欢开车是因为安全；C选项只是描述坐飞机的局部细节，不是全文主旨；D选项逻辑错误，“花更多时间”不是作者喜欢坐火车的原因；B选项完全对应文章最后一段的核心句“In fact, the choice of transportation depends on your need.”，是全文的核心主旨，因此选B。
【答案】
1~3. BCB
【知识点】
英语细节查找，语篇结构分析，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题覆盖了小学/初中英语阅读最常见的三类题型，其中语篇结构的创新考法跳出了纯文字答题的惯性，引导学生主动梳理篇章的逻辑层级，能有效锻炼学生对整篇文章的整体把控能力，考点贴合课标要求，难度梯度设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.7
