【例】单项选择
()It's everyone's duty to instead of throwing everything away.

A.refuse
B.reduce
C.recycle
D.review
【答案】C

C

【分析】本题为英语单项选择题，考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。解题思路：先理解句子含义，明确语境是关于物品处理的环保责任；再逐一分析选项动词的含义，结合“instead of throwing everything away（而不是把所有东西都扔掉）”的逻辑，筛选出符合语境的动词。
【解析】句子意为“回收利用是每个人的责任，而不是把所有东西都扔掉”。逐一分析选项：A. refuse（拒绝），与物品处理无关，排除；B. reduce（减少），侧重减少使用量，不符合“不扔掉”的处理方式，排除；C. recycle（回收利用），指将废弃物回收再利用，与“不扔掉”的语境完全契合，符合要求；D. review（复习；回顾），与物品处理无关，排除。因此答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词词义辨析；语境理解
【点评】本题结合环保语境考查基础动词的词义辨析，难度较低，只要掌握常见动词含义并能结合上下文逻辑分析，即可轻松选出正确答案，属于英语基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7

一、用方框中所给词组的适当形式填空
add to write about be worried about get worse happen to
1. She plans to her summer vacation experience in the countryside for the school magazine.
2. He his maths exam yesterday because he didn't have enough time to prepare.
3. Do you know why air pollution is in some places now?
4. The food waste can be treated and then soil to help plants grow.
5. What the rubbish here yesterday?

1. write about 2. was worried about 3. getting worse 4. added to 5. happened to

【分析】
这道题要求用方框内词组的适当形式填空，解题思路是：先明确每个词组的含义，再结合句子的时态、固定搭配、语法结构（如非谓语、时态形式）及语境，确定每个空应填的词组及正确变形。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配plan to do sth表示“计划做某事”，结合语境“为校杂志写乡村暑假经历”，选write about，用原形即可。
2. 时间状语yesterday提示用一般过去时，固定短语be worried about表示“担心”，主语是he，be动词用was，故填was worried about。
3. 时间状语now且前面有be动词is，需用现在进行时，get的现在分词是getting，故填getting worse。
4. 句子主语food waste是动作的承受者，与treated并列，需用过去分词，add的过去分词是added，故填added to。
5. 时间状语yesterday提示用一般过去时，happen to表示“发生”，故填happened to。
【答案】
1. write about 2. was worried about 3. getting worse 4. added to 5. happened to
【知识点】
动词短语运用、时态正确形式
【点评】
本题考查常用动词短语的适当形式，需结合句子时态、固定搭配及语法结构选择正确形式，是基础题型，注重对词组和时态的综合运用。
【难度系数】
0.3

二、补全对话
阅读对话，从方框中选出最佳选项填入对应的空白处，使对话通顺、意义完整。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A: Hi, Han Mei. You look upset. What's wrong?
B: Hi, Li Lei. 1. Look at the river near our school!
A: Yeah, it's full of rubbish now. 2. I even swam in it when I was young.
B: Me too. Do you know why it's so dirty?
A: Of course. 3. And people also throw litter into it.
B: That's terrible. 4.
A: I agree. But I don't think they'll listen easily.
B: 5.
A: Good idea! Let's make signs like "No Littering" and "Protect Our River".
B: Perfect! Everyone should play a part in cleaning it up.
A. We should ask them to stop doing that.
B. The river used to be so clean.
C. How about putting up some signs?
D. I'm really worried about the environment.
E. Many factories are pouring waste into it.
F. But what can we students do?

1. D 2. B 3. E 4. A 5. C

【分析】补全对话需结合上下文语境及日常交际逻辑匹配选项：第1空，A询问B的状况，B需表达自身困扰，对应选项D；第2空，A提及现在河水满是垃圾，后文提到小时候在河里游泳，需对应河水过去的状态，选B；第3空，询问河水变脏的原因，需选表原因的选项E；第4空，B感叹情况糟糕，A提出他人不听劝，B需提出具体建议，选A；第5空，A赞同B的想法并提到做标志，B需提出张贴标志的建议，选C。
【解析】1. 上文A问“What's wrong?”，B需回应自身困扰，选项D“I'm really worried about the environment.”符合语境，故1选D；2. 下文A提到小时候在河里游泳，需对应河水过去的状态，选项B“The river used to be so clean.”符合，故2选B；3. 上文问河水脏的原因，选项E“Many factories are pouring waste into it.”是污染原因，故3选E；4. 上文B说情况糟糕，A提出他人不听劝，选项A“We should ask them to stop doing that.”是针对污染者的建议，故4选A；5. 下文A提到做标志，选项C“How about putting up some signs?”是对应建议，故5选C。
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.E 4.A 5.C
【知识点】英语补全对话，语境理解，日常交际用语
【点评】本题为英语补全对话基础题型，考查学生对上下文语义连贯性及日常交际逻辑的把握，难度适中，需结合前后文语境匹配选项。
【难度系数】0.5