四、阅读理解
Do you know World Wetlands Day? It falls on February 2nd every year and we welcomed the 29th World Wetlands Day this year, with the theme（主题）Protecting Wetlands for Our Common Future.
Wetlands are areas covered with water most of the time. They are really important for a large number of reasons that you might not know before.
Wetlands, along with oceans and forests, are known as the three main ecosystems of the earth. There are different types of wetlands. We have got things like rivers, ponds and lakes. And wetlands support many types of wildlife. As a matter of fact, 40% of the world's plants and animals depend on wetlands.
Wetlands act like sponges, taking in water and also carbon dioxide from the air. The plants in wetlands take in climate-changing gases（气体）as they grow. Then when the plants die, they sink（沉入）into mud, catching carbon dioxide instead of letting it all return to the air. This can help to reduce the greenhouse effect.
Wetlands also play an important role in the water cycle. They can store lots of water during heavy rainfall, reducing floods in downstream areas. Then the water will flow back into rivers and streams slowly.
Unluckily, we have actually lost nearly 90% of the wetlands in the last 100 years, three times faster than forests. Do you know why? It's things like pollution, climate change and human activities. Wetlands are important to everything, and we need to take action to protect them.
（）1. How does the writer lead in the topic?
A. By listing a fact. B. By asking a question.
C. By telling a story. D. By giving an example.
（）2. Which picture shows the function（功能）of wetlands mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. B. C. D.
（）3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Mud. B. Air. C. Water. D. Carbon dioxide.
（）4. What's the best title for the text?
A. A Climate Hero B. A Polluted Planet
C. The Natural World D. The Guard（卫士）of the Earth
（）5. What might the writer go on talking about?
A. The types of wetlands. B. The role of wetlands.
C. The protection of wetlands. D. The importance of wetlands.

1.B 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.C

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合文章内容逐一分析各小题：
1. 第1题考查作者引入话题的方式，需关注文章开头的表述；
2. 第2题考查湿地功能对应的图片，需匹配第三段提到的湿地功能与图片内容；
3. 第3题考查代词指代，需联系上下文确定“it”的指代对象；
4. 第4题考查文章标题，需总结全文核心内容；
5. 第5题考查作者后续内容的推断，需结合最后一段的关键表述判断。
【解析】
1. 第1题：文章开篇以“Do you know World Wetlands Day?”这一提问引入湿地主题，因此作者通过提问的方式引入话题，答案为B。
2. 第2题：第三段指出湿地支持大量野生动植物，选项A的图片展示了湿地中的动植物，符合该功能；选项B对应水循环、选项C对应光合作用、选项D对应海岛景观，均不符合第三段提到的湿地功能，答案为A。
3. 第3题：第四段提到湿地植物吸收二氧化碳，死亡后沉入泥中，阻止二氧化碳返回空气，因此“it”指代前文的“carbon dioxide”，答案为D。
4. 第4题：全文围绕湿地对地球的重要性展开，将湿地比作地球的卫士，因此最佳标题为“The Guard（卫士）of the Earth”，答案为D。
5. 第5题：最后一段强调“we need to take action to protect them”，说明作者接下来会谈论湿地的保护，答案为C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
阅读理解、代词指代、文章主旨
【点评】
本题围绕湿地展开，考查学生对文章细节、代词指代、主旨大意及内容推断的能力，需仔细阅读文章，结合上下文分析各小题。
【难度系数】
0.5

五、小练笔
What do you know about forests from the reading? How do you think we can help protect them? (At least five sentences)

Forests play an important role in the ecosystem. They provide homes for millions of animals and plants. They also produce oxygen for us and help clean the air. The government can make stronger laws to protect the forests. We should stop cutting down the trees and hunting for the wild animals in them. Everyone can help the forests by taking small steps.

【分析】
首先明确题目要求：需完成英语小练笔，内容包含两部分——从阅读中了解的森林相关知识、保护森林的方法，且至少写五句。解题思路为：先阐述森林的生态作用（如提供动植物栖息地、产氧净化空气等），再列举保护森林的具体措施（如制定法律、禁止乱砍滥伐、个人小行动等），确保句子数量达标且贴合主题。
【解析】
按照题目要求，结合森林的作用与保护措施，组织语法正确、内容连贯的英语句子，满足至少五句的要求。
【答案】
Forests play an important role in the ecosystem. They provide homes for millions of animals and plants. They also produce oxygen for us and help clean the air. The government can make stronger laws to protect the forests. We should stop cutting down the trees and hunting for the wild animals in them. Everyone can help the forests by taking small steps.
【知识点】
英语写作、环境保护英语表达
【点评】
本题考查学生对森林相关知识的英语书面表达能力，要求学生结合知识阐述森林作用及保护措施，需注意句子连贯性与语法正确性。
【难度系数】
0.6