一、词汇运用
1. Now some young people would like to stay
2. Do you know why Mr Li is
3. The famous singer showed her
4. My
5. After the cleaning, our group
6. The history of qipao dates from the early twentieth
7. Mr Peterson has worked in the
8. Thomas Edison was one of the greatest
9. We are sure that these new
10. Mr Lu built the website by
1. Now some young people would like to stay
single
(单身的)all their life.2. Do you know why Mr Li is
against
(反对)my plan?3. The famous singer showed her
talent
(天资)for singing at a young age.4. My
lifetime
(终身的)dream is to travel around the world and eat all kinds of tasty food.5. After the cleaning, our group
returned
(归还)all the tools to the facility room.6. The history of qipao dates from the early twentieth
century
(世纪).7. Mr Peterson has worked in the
print
(印刷行业)for over 20 years.8. Thomas Edison was one of the greatest
inventors
(invent)in the world.9. We are sure that these new
findings
(find)of medicine can save millions of lives.10. Mr Lu built the website by
himself
(he)without others' help.答案
1. single 2. against 3. talent 4. lifetime 5. returned
6. century 7. print 8. inventors 9. findings 10. himself
6. century 7. print 8. inventors 9. findings 10. himself
解析
【分析】这类词汇运用题需结合句子语境、语法结构及提示信息确定单词的正确形式,步骤为:1.通读句子理解句意;2.明确空格处所需词性(如形容词、介词、名词等);3.根据中文提示或所给单词,转换为符合语境和语法的正确形式;4.最后检查拼写与语法是否正确。
【解析】1.stay为系动词,后接形容词,中文“单身的”对应single,故填single;2.结合中文“反对”,固定搭配be against,故填against;3.her后需名词,“天资”对应talent,show talent for为固定搭配,故填talent;4.修饰名词dream需形容词,“终身的”对应lifetime,lifetime dream是固定表达,故填lifetime;5.空格作谓语,中文“归还”是return,句子为过去动作,用一般过去式returned,故填returned;6.中文“世纪”对应century,twentieth century为固定表达,故填century;7.此处需名词作定语修饰“行业”,“印刷”对应print,故填print;8.所给词invent是动词,“发明家”对应名词inventor,one of后接名词复数,故填inventors;9.所给词find是动词,“发现(成果)”对应名词finding,these后接复数,故填findings;10.固定搭配by oneself(独自),所给词he需转换为反身代词himself,故填himself。
【答案】1. single 2. against 3. talent 4. lifetime 5. returned 6. century 7. print 8. inventors 9. findings 10. himself
【知识点】词汇运用、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用,涵盖形容词、介词、名词、动词时态、反身代词等考点,需学生掌握常见词汇的拼写、形式变化及固定搭配,整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1.stay为系动词,后接形容词,中文“单身的”对应single,故填single;2.结合中文“反对”,固定搭配be against,故填against;3.her后需名词,“天资”对应talent,show talent for为固定搭配,故填talent;4.修饰名词dream需形容词,“终身的”对应lifetime,lifetime dream是固定表达,故填lifetime;5.空格作谓语,中文“归还”是return,句子为过去动作,用一般过去式returned,故填returned;6.中文“世纪”对应century,twentieth century为固定表达,故填century;7.此处需名词作定语修饰“行业”,“印刷”对应print,故填print;8.所给词invent是动词,“发明家”对应名词inventor,one of后接名词复数,故填inventors;9.所给词find是动词,“发现(成果)”对应名词finding,these后接复数,故填findings;10.固定搭配by oneself(独自),所给词he需转换为反身代词himself,故填himself。
【答案】1. single 2. against 3. talent 4. lifetime 5. returned 6. century 7. print 8. inventors 9. findings 10. himself
【知识点】词汇运用、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用,涵盖形容词、介词、名词、动词时态、反身代词等考点,需学生掌握常见词汇的拼写、形式变化及固定搭配,整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
二、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语,在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次
what success journey depend on in order not to
Everyone is born with the ability to learn, but how well you learn 1.
Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain (大脑) is more active and it is easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. 3.
It is not enough to just study hard. Good learners know the best way to study. For example, they may take notes by writing down key words or by drawing mind maps. They also look for ways to review (复习) 4.
Learning is a lifelong 5.
what success journey depend on in order not to
Everyone is born with the ability to learn, but how well you learn 1.
depends on
your learning habits. Research shows that 2. successful
learners have some good habits in common.Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain (大脑) is more active and it is easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. 3.
In order not to
get bored, good learners often connect (把……联系起来) what they need to learn with something interesting.It is not enough to just study hard. Good learners know the best way to study. For example, they may take notes by writing down key words or by drawing mind maps. They also look for ways to review (复习) 4.
what
they have learned.Learning is a lifelong 5.
journey
, because every day brings something new. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely.答案
1. depends on 2. successful 3. In order not to 4. what 5. journey
解析
【分析】
本题为选词填空题,需结合句子语境、语法规则及词汇的形式变化解题。首先通读全文把握大意:学习效果取决于学习习惯,成功的学习者有共同好习惯,好的学习者会将学习内容与有趣事物关联以避免无聊,还会复习所学内容,学习是终身旅程。逐个分析空格:1. 主语为how引导的从句,谓语需用单数形式的短语;2. 空格修饰名词learners,需用形容词;3. 空格表目的,结合语境选对应短语;4. 空格引导宾语从句,从句缺宾语;5. 空格前为形容词,需用名词。
【解析】
1. 句子主语“how well you learn”为单数概念,需谓语短语,结合语境“取决于”,所给短语depend on,一般现在时中主语为单数,故填depends on;
2. 空格后是名词learners,需形容词修饰,所给词success为名词,其形容词形式为successful,意为“成功的”,符合语境;
3. 结合后半句“好的学习者常将所学与有趣事物关联”,此处表目的“为了不无聊”,短语in order not to置于句首首字母大写,故填In order not to;
4. 空格后是宾语从句,从句中have learned缺少宾语,指代“所学的内容”,用引导词what;
5. 空前是形容词lifelong,需名词,所给词journey为名词,意为“旅程”,符合“学习是终身旅程”的语境。
【答案】
1. depends on 2. successful 3. In order not to 4. what 5. journey
【知识点】
动词短语运用、形容词转换、宾语从句引导词
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用,需结合语境、语法规则及词汇形式变化完成填空,难度适中,注重基础知识的掌握与运用。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为选词填空题,需结合句子语境、语法规则及词汇的形式变化解题。首先通读全文把握大意:学习效果取决于学习习惯,成功的学习者有共同好习惯,好的学习者会将学习内容与有趣事物关联以避免无聊,还会复习所学内容,学习是终身旅程。逐个分析空格:1. 主语为how引导的从句,谓语需用单数形式的短语;2. 空格修饰名词learners,需用形容词;3. 空格表目的,结合语境选对应短语;4. 空格引导宾语从句,从句缺宾语;5. 空格前为形容词,需用名词。
【解析】
1. 句子主语“how well you learn”为单数概念,需谓语短语,结合语境“取决于”,所给短语depend on,一般现在时中主语为单数,故填depends on;
2. 空格后是名词learners,需形容词修饰,所给词success为名词,其形容词形式为successful,意为“成功的”,符合语境;
3. 结合后半句“好的学习者常将所学与有趣事物关联”,此处表目的“为了不无聊”,短语in order not to置于句首首字母大写,故填In order not to;
4. 空格后是宾语从句,从句中have learned缺少宾语,指代“所学的内容”,用引导词what;
5. 空前是形容词lifelong,需名词,所给词journey为名词,意为“旅程”,符合“学习是终身旅程”的语境。
【答案】
1. depends on 2. successful 3. In order not to 4. what 5. journey
【知识点】
动词短语运用、形容词转换、宾语从句引导词
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用,需结合语境、语法规则及词汇形式变化完成填空,难度适中,注重基础知识的掌握与运用。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
— That's great! But remember: " is nothing without hard work."
A.Talent
B.Drive
C.Trouble
D.Score
A
)1. — Mom, my teacher says I have a special ability for music!— That's great! But remember: " is nothing without hard work."
A.Talent
B.Drive
C.Trouble
D.Score
答案
1.A
解析
【分析】首先通读对话,理解语境:孩子告知妈妈自己有音乐方面的特殊能力,妈妈回应后提醒“没有努力,________就什么都不是”。接着分析各选项词义,结合前文提到的“特殊能力(天赋)”,判断应选与“天赋”相关的名词,排除不符合语境的选项。
【解析】先翻译对话:——妈妈,老师说我在音乐方面有特殊天赋!——太棒了!但记住:“没有努力,天赋就什么都不算。”再分析选项:A. talent意为“天赋”,契合前文提到的“特殊能力”及语境;B. drive意为“动力”,C. trouble意为“麻烦”,D. score意为“分数”,均不符合语境,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】名词词义辨析;语境理解
【点评】本题结合日常对话场景考查名词词义辨析,需准确理解各名词含义并结合上下文逻辑判断,难度适中,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.4
【解析】先翻译对话:——妈妈,老师说我在音乐方面有特殊天赋!——太棒了!但记住:“没有努力,天赋就什么都不算。”再分析选项:A. talent意为“天赋”,契合前文提到的“特殊能力”及语境;B. drive意为“动力”,C. trouble意为“麻烦”,D. score意为“分数”,均不符合语境,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】名词词义辨析;语境理解
【点评】本题结合日常对话场景考查名词词义辨析,需准确理解各名词含义并结合上下文逻辑判断,难度适中,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.4
(
A.himself
B.myself
C.themselves
D.herself
A
) 2. Jack often takes part in volunteering activities. He thinks helping others is helping .A.himself
B.myself
C.themselves
D.herself
答案
2.A
解析
【分析】首先确定句子主语为Jack,是第三人称单数男性,需选择与主语在人称、数上匹配的反身代词;结合句子语境“帮助别人就是帮助他自己”,逐一分析选项即可得出答案。
【解析】句子主语Jack是第三人称单数男性,反身代词需与主语保持一致,因此用himself;选项B对应主语I,选项C对应复数主语,选项D对应女性主语,均不符合语境,故选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】反身代词的用法
【点评】本题考查反身代词的基本用法,需结合句子主语确定对应的反身代词,属于基础题型,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】句子主语Jack是第三人称单数男性,反身代词需与主语保持一致,因此用himself;选项B对应主语I,选项C对应复数主语,选项D对应女性主语,均不符合语境,故选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】反身代词的用法
【点评】本题考查反身代词的基本用法,需结合句子主语确定对应的反身代词,属于基础题型,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
(
A.other
B.others
C.another
D.the other
C
)3. In the basketball camp, the first lesson we had was to pass the ball from one to .A.other
B.others
C.another
D.the other
答案
3.C
解析
【分析】首先明确题目语境:篮球营中把球从一个人传给另一个,需辨析四个不定代词的用法。解题思路为:先回忆各选项的用法,再结合语境逐一排除错误选项,确定正确答案。
【解析】逐一分析选项:A.other后需接名词,空格后无名词,排除;B.others泛指其他的人/物,不符合“从一个到另一个”的语境;C.another指三者及以上中的另一个,构成“one...another”结构,契合题意;D.the other指两者中的另一个,构成“one...the other”,但篮球营的人数不止两个,不符合语境。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】不定代词的用法
【点评】本题考查英语不定代词的辨析,属于基础语法考点,需掌握other、others、another、the other的用法区别,结合语境即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】逐一分析选项:A.other后需接名词,空格后无名词,排除;B.others泛指其他的人/物,不符合“从一个到另一个”的语境;C.another指三者及以上中的另一个,构成“one...another”结构,契合题意;D.the other指两者中的另一个,构成“one...the other”,但篮球营的人数不止两个,不符合语境。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】不定代词的用法
【点评】本题考查英语不定代词的辨析,属于基础语法考点,需掌握other、others、another、the other的用法区别,结合语境即可轻松作答。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A.so that he
B.in order that
C.in order to
D.so to
C
) 4. He bought a TV on the Double 11th Shopping Festival save money.A.so that he
B.in order that
C.in order to
D.so to
答案
4.C
解析
【分析】这道题考查目的状语的用法,解题思路是先明确各选项的结构要求,再结合空格后的形式(动词原形save)判断正确选项:so that和in order that后需接完整从句,而空格后是动词原形,可先排除不符合结构的选项;再排除错误搭配,最终确定符合语境的选项。
【解析】逐一分析选项:A选项so that后需接从句,空格后是动词原形save,不符合结构,排除;B选项in order that同样后接从句,排除;C选项in order to后接动词原形,表“为了做某事”,符合句意“他在双十一购物节买了电视是为了省钱”;D选项so to是错误表达,排除。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】目的状语的用法
【点评】本题考查目的状语中不同结构的辨析,属于基础语法题,需掌握in order to、so that等表目的结构的用法区别,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】逐一分析选项:A选项so that后需接从句,空格后是动词原形save,不符合结构,排除;B选项in order that同样后接从句,排除;C选项in order to后接动词原形,表“为了做某事”,符合句意“他在双十一购物节买了电视是为了省钱”;D选项so to是错误表达,排除。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】目的状语的用法
【点评】本题考查目的状语中不同结构的辨析,属于基础语法题,需掌握in order to、so that等表目的结构的用法区别,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
(
A.make up
B.stay up
C.give up
D.put up
B
) 5. James regrets (后悔) not paying enough attention in class. Now he has to late to study for the test.A.make up
B.stay up
C.give up
D.put up
答案
5.B
解析
【分析】本题为英语动词短语辨析题,解题思路是:先理解句子语境,再逐一分析各选项动词短语的含义,结合语境选出符合句意的短语。句子表达James因上课未认真听讲,现在需要熬夜备考,需找到表示“熬夜”的短语。
【解析】先翻译句子:James后悔上课没集中注意力,现在他必须熬夜来备考。逐一分析选项:A. make up意为“编造;弥补”,不符合“熬夜学习备考”的语境;B. stay up意为“熬夜”,stay up late是固定搭配,意为“熬夜到很晚”,符合句意;C. give up意为“放弃”,不符合语境;D. put up意为“张贴;搭建”,不符合语境。因此正确答案为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常见动词短语的词义辨析,属于英语基础题型,需掌握各短语的含义,结合语境即可选出答案,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】先翻译句子:James后悔上课没集中注意力,现在他必须熬夜来备考。逐一分析选项:A. make up意为“编造;弥补”,不符合“熬夜学习备考”的语境;B. stay up意为“熬夜”,stay up late是固定搭配,意为“熬夜到很晚”,符合句意;C. give up意为“放弃”,不符合语境;D. put up意为“张贴;搭建”,不符合语境。因此正确答案为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常见动词短语的词义辨析,属于英语基础题型,需掌握各短语的含义,结合语境即可选出答案,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
(
A.energetic
B.patient
C.curious
D.worried
C
) 6. Peter is about Xi opera which is a local opera in Changzhou, so he asks lots of questions about it.A.energetic
B.patient
C.curious
D.worried
答案
6.C
解析
【分析】先理解句子语境:Peter对常州的地方戏锡剧______,所以他问了很多关于它的问题。再分析各选项含义,结合固定搭配判断:be curious about是固定搭配,意为“对……好奇”,符合“问很多问题”的逻辑,据此选择正确选项。
【解析】句子意为:Peter对常州的地方戏锡剧______,所以他问了很多关于它的问题。逐一分析选项:A. energetic(精力充沛的),不符合“问很多问题”的语境;B. patient(耐心的),与语境无关;C. curious(好奇的),固定搭配be curious about表示“对……好奇”,契合“问很多问题”的逻辑;D. worried(担心的),不符合语境。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题考查形容词词义及固定搭配的运用,需结合句子语境判断合适的形容词,属于基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】句子意为:Peter对常州的地方戏锡剧______,所以他问了很多关于它的问题。逐一分析选项:A. energetic(精力充沛的),不符合“问很多问题”的语境;B. patient(耐心的),与语境无关;C. curious(好奇的),固定搭配be curious about表示“对……好奇”,契合“问很多问题”的逻辑;D. worried(担心的),不符合语境。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题考查形容词词义及固定搭配的运用,需结合句子语境判断合适的形容词,属于基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
四、还原信息
Zu Chongzhi is one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. His family were very talented. They had been studying maths and astronomy(天文学)for generations(世代). From a young age, Zu was taught natural science, astronomy, maths and so on. 1.
Zu was best known for his calculation(计算)of pi. According to historical records, he did all the work using nothing but wooden sticks. 2.
Zu was also famous for working out how to calculate the volume(体积)of a ball. 3.
4.
5.
A. Zu was also an inventor.
B. However, nobody paid attention to the result.
C. He did this with the help of his son Zu Geng.
D. Zu was successful not only in maths but in astronomy.
E. The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially(尤其)in maths.
F. After he died, Zu Geng kept on proving(证明)that the new calendar was more accurate.
G. It took him lots of time to work out the value—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927.
Zu Chongzhi is one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. His family were very talented. They had been studying maths and astronomy(天文学)for generations(世代). From a young age, Zu was taught natural science, astronomy, maths and so on. 1.
E
Zu was best known for his calculation(计算)of pi. According to historical records, he did all the work using nothing but wooden sticks. 2.
G
No one at that time was able to calculate it more accurately(精确地)than Zu. The achievement(成就)has been accepted around the world. In order to remember Zu, some mathematicians have suggested calling pi “zulv”(祖率).Zu was also famous for working out how to calculate the volume(体积)of a ball. 3.
C
The two recorded their achievement in Zhuishu. The book was used as a maths textbook during the Tang Dynasty.4.
D
He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. But unluckily, the great mathematician never saw his calendar put into use.5.
F
Almost ten years later, the Daming Calendar was finally accepted.A. Zu was also an inventor.
B. However, nobody paid attention to the result.
C. He did this with the help of his son Zu Geng.
D. Zu was successful not only in maths but in astronomy.
E. The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially(尤其)in maths.
F. After he died, Zu Geng kept on proving(证明)that the new calendar was more accurate.
G. It took him lots of time to work out the value—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927.
答案
1.E 2.G 3.C 4.D 5.F
解析
【分析】
本题为英语语篇还原题,解题思路是先通读全文把握祖冲之的成就主题,再结合空格前后句子的逻辑关系(如指代、话题延续、过渡、转折等)匹配对应选项:
1. 第1空前文提到祖冲之从小学习多门学科,需衔接他对这些学科的态度;
2. 第2空前文讲他计算圆周率的方式,需衔接计算的结果;
3. 第3空后文提到“the two”(父子),需衔接儿子相关内容;
4. 第4空前文讲数学成就,后文讲天文成就,需过渡句衔接;
5. 第5空前文说祖冲之未看到历法使用,后文说历法被接受,需衔接儿子的后续行动。
【解析】
1. 第1空:前文提到祖冲之从小学习自然科学、天文、数学等学科,E选项中“all of these subjects”指代前文的多门学科,且“interested in”承接前文的学习经历,故选E;
2. 第2空:前文说明祖冲之用木棍计算圆周率,G选项介绍计算花费的时间和结果,后文“more accurately”承接结果的精确性,故选G;
3. 第3空:后文提到“the two”(父子),C选项明确提到“his son Zu Geng”,前后指代呼应,故选C;
4. 第4空:前文讲祖冲之的数学成就,后文讲他的天文成就,D选项“not only in maths but in astronomy”起到承上启下的过渡作用,故选D;
5. 第5空:前文说祖冲之未看到历法被使用,后文说十年后历法被接受,F选项提到儿子在他死后继续证明历法的准确性,衔接上下文,故选F。
【答案】
1.E 2.G 3.C 4.D 5.F
【知识点】
英语语篇还原、上下文逻辑衔接、代词指代
【点评】
本题围绕中国古代数学家祖冲之的成就展开,考查学生对语篇逻辑的理解和上下文衔接能力,需结合前后文话题、指代关系推理,是初中英语常见题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语语篇还原题,解题思路是先通读全文把握祖冲之的成就主题,再结合空格前后句子的逻辑关系(如指代、话题延续、过渡、转折等)匹配对应选项:
1. 第1空前文提到祖冲之从小学习多门学科,需衔接他对这些学科的态度;
2. 第2空前文讲他计算圆周率的方式,需衔接计算的结果;
3. 第3空后文提到“the two”(父子),需衔接儿子相关内容;
4. 第4空前文讲数学成就,后文讲天文成就,需过渡句衔接;
5. 第5空前文说祖冲之未看到历法使用,后文说历法被接受,需衔接儿子的后续行动。
【解析】
1. 第1空:前文提到祖冲之从小学习自然科学、天文、数学等学科,E选项中“all of these subjects”指代前文的多门学科,且“interested in”承接前文的学习经历,故选E;
2. 第2空:前文说明祖冲之用木棍计算圆周率,G选项介绍计算花费的时间和结果,后文“more accurately”承接结果的精确性,故选G;
3. 第3空:后文提到“the two”(父子),C选项明确提到“his son Zu Geng”,前后指代呼应,故选C;
4. 第4空:前文讲祖冲之的数学成就,后文讲他的天文成就,D选项“not only in maths but in astronomy”起到承上启下的过渡作用,故选D;
5. 第5空:前文说祖冲之未看到历法被使用,后文说十年后历法被接受,F选项提到儿子在他死后继续证明历法的准确性,衔接上下文,故选F。
【答案】
1.E 2.G 3.C 4.D 5.F
【知识点】
英语语篇还原、上下文逻辑衔接、代词指代
【点评】
本题围绕中国古代数学家祖冲之的成就展开,考查学生对语篇逻辑的理解和上下文衔接能力,需结合前后文话题、指代关系推理,是初中英语常见题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
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