语篇研读
阅读教材1b的语篇并完成以下题目。
Activity 1 学习理解
Ⅰ. 回答问题
1. What invention is the passage mainly about?

2. What were some of the materials people used to write on in ancient China before Cai Lun's paper?

3. Why did Cai Lun start to try making a new writing material?

4. What was the most important advantage of the paper Cai Lun invented?

1. The passage is mainly about papermaking.
2. People used animal bones, bronze ware, stones, wood, bamboo, silk and a very early form of paper made from jute.
3. Because the writing materials used before were either difficult to use and store or very expensive, and he wanted to solve this problem.
4. The most important advantage was that it was cheap.

【分析】本题为语篇研读类的细节理解题，需结合给定语篇内容，针对每个问题定位原文对应信息，提取关键内容进行准确作答，确保答案与语篇信息一致。
【解析】1. 定位语篇核心话题，可知主要围绕造纸术展开；2. 查找古代蔡伦之前中国使用的书写材料相关表述，提取对应材料；3. 定位蔡伦尝试制作新型书写材料的原因，提取原文说明的旧材料的缺点及他的目的；4. 查找蔡伦所造纸的最重要优势，提取对应内容。
【答案】1. The passage is mainly about papermaking.
2. People used animal bones, bronze ware, stones, wood, bamboo, silk and a very early form of paper made from jute.
3. Because the writing materials used before were either difficult to use and store or very expensive, and he wanted to solve this problem.
4. The most important advantage was that it was cheap.
【知识点】语篇研读、细节理解
【点评】本题为基础的语篇细节考查题，需学生认真研读语篇，定位对应问题的关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7

Ⅱ. 根据1b课文完成导图
Papermaking
Introduction
It was 1. for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world.
Early materials to write on
animal bones, bronze ware, 2. , wood, bamboo, silk, paper made from jute
Process
Cai Lun got an idea from 3. .
First, all the ingredients 4. in water.
Then, the material 5. , and mixed with water again.
Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre.
Finally, this fibre was 6. to form paper.
Influence
speeded up the development of Chinese culture;
changed civilizations around the world;
7. a rapid increase in the number of books;
resulted in a new 8.

1. responsible 2. stones
3. past experiences
4. were mixed and boiled
5. was beaten, cut up 6. dried and pressed
7. led to 8. birth of knowledge

【分析】
本题是根据课文内容补全造纸术相关的思维导图，需结合课文中关于造纸术的介绍、早期书写材料、蔡伦造纸的流程及造纸术的影响等内容，依据每个空的上下文语境和固定搭配，填写对应的正确词汇或短语，确保内容与课文一致。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“be responsible for”意为“对……负责”，符合“造纸术对塑造现代世界的信息快速传播起到关键作用”的语境；
2. 早期书写材料除动物骨头、青铜器等外，还包括石头；
3. 课文中提到蔡伦从过往经验中获得造纸的灵感；
4. 造纸的所有原料首先在水中混合并煮沸；
5. 原料被捶打、切碎后再次与水混合；
6. 最后留下的纤维经过干燥和压制成纸；
7. 造纸术导致书籍数量快速增加；
8. 造纸术带来了知识的新诞生。
【答案】
1. responsible 2. stones 3. past experiences 4. were mixed and boiled 5. was beaten, cut up 6. dried and pressed 7. led to 8. birth of knowledge
【知识点】
英语课文理解、固定搭配运用、词汇识记
【点评】
本题考查对课文中造纸术相关细节的掌握，需熟悉课文具体表述，结合语境和固定搭配完成填空，难度不大，只要认真学习课文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.3

Activity 2 应用实践
What other influences do you think papermaking has?






Activity 3 迁移创新
What qualities do you think Cai Lun has?
What can you learn from great inventors?

Activity 2
Governments in ancient China and later in other regions began to use paper for official documents. Compared with stone carvings or bamboo scrolls, paper documents were lighter to carry, easier to store, and faster to copy. This improved the efficiency of government operations and helped central authorities better manage large territories and populations.
Paper became an ideal medium for traditional arts. Calligraphy and painting became popular among more artists on paper. As a result, artworks were easier to preserve and pass down.
The production and sale of paper drove the development of related industries, such as ink making.
Activity 3
Creative thinking; problem-solving mindset; persistence and patience.
Be curious about the world and care about others' needs; dare to try new things and accept failures; learn from daily life and connect knowledge with practice; share inventions to benefit more people.

【分析】
本题为开放性英语表达题，分为两个任务：Activity2要求阐述造纸术的其他影响，需结合造纸术相较于传统载体（如竹简、石刻）的优势，从政府管理、文化艺术、相关产业等角度思考作答；Activity3要求分析蔡伦的品质及从伟大发明家身上可学到的内容，需结合蔡伦改进造纸术的背景提炼品质，再联系自身谈启示，作答时需用规范英语，逻辑清晰，贴合主题。
【解析】
Activity2的解答围绕造纸术的多维度影响展开：①对政府管理：造纸轻便易携带、存储且易复制，提升了政务效率，帮助中央更好管理疆域与人口；②对文化艺术：成为书画的理想载体，推动艺术发展与传承；③对相关产业：带动制墨等关联产业发展。Activity3的解答：蔡伦具备创新思维、解决问题的心态、坚持耐心等品质；从伟大发明家身上可学到：保持好奇心、关注他人需求、勇于尝试、从实践中学习、分享成果造福大众等。
【答案】
Activity 2
Governments in ancient China and later in other regions began to use paper for official documents. Compared with stone carvings or bamboo scrolls, paper documents were lighter to carry, easier to store, and faster to copy. This improved the efficiency of government operations and helped central authorities better manage large territories and populations.
Paper became an ideal medium for traditional arts. Calligraphy and painting became popular among more artists on paper. As a result, artworks were easier to preserve and pass down.
The production and sale of paper drove the development of related industries, such as ink making.
Activity 3
Creative thinking; problem-solving mindset; persistence and patience.
Be curious about the world and care about others' needs; dare to try new things and accept failures; learn from daily life and connect knowledge with practice; share inventions to benefit more people.
【知识点】
英语书面表达、中国古代科技、人物品质分析
【点评】
本题融合历史知识与英语表达能力，考察学生的综合运用能力，开放性作答需结合所学知识组织逻辑清晰的内容，有助于提升跨学科思维与语言表达能力。
【难度系数】
0.5