Ⅰ. 将下列句子用that或which连接起来。
例:Modern society develops very fast.
This society often cares less for nature.
→ The modern society that/which develops very fast often cares less for nature.
1. Some human activities cause serious pollution.
These human activities harm the balance of ecosystems.
→

例:The government should punish some organizations.
These organizations cut down trees illegally.
→ The government should punish the organizations that/which cut down trees illegally.
2. China has set up many national parks.
These national parks protect pandas and other species.
→

3. Humans have left many marks on the earth.
These marks include roads, farms and buildings.
→

1. The human activities that/which cause serious pollution harm the balance of ecosystems.
2. China has set up many national parks that/which protect pandas and other species.
3. Humans have left many marks on the earth that/which include roads, farms and buildings.

【分析】首先找出每组两个句子中共同的名词（即先行词），该先行词为物，且在第二个句子中作主语，因此选用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，将第二个句子作为定语从句放在先行词之后，调整语序形成完整的复合句。
【解析】1. 两组句子的共同名词是human activities，先行词在第二句中作主语，用that/which连接，将第二句改为定语从句修饰先行词，得到：The human activities that/which cause serious pollution harm the balance of ecosystems。
2. 两组句子的共同名词是national parks，先行词在第二句中作主语，用that/which连接，得到：China has set up many national parks that/which protect pandas and other species。
3. 两组句子的共同名词是marks，先行词在第二句中作主语，用that/which连接，得到：Humans have left many marks on the earth that/which include roads, farms and buildings。
【答案】1. The human activities that/which cause serious pollution harm the balance of ecosystems.
2. China has set up many national parks that/which protect pandas and other species.
3. Humans have left many marks on the earth that/which include roads, farms and buildings.
【知识点】定语从句关系代词that/which
【点评】本题为英语语法中定语从句的基础练习题，聚焦于关系代词that/which指代物且在从句中作主语的用法，旨在帮助学生掌握定语从句的基本合并方法，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8

Ⅱ. 从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话,有一项为多余选项。
Student 1: Look at the first cartoon. What's its meaning?
Student 2: Look, factories are letting out greenhouse gases and heating up the earth. Because of that, animals like penguins and polar bears are losing their homes. The world is covered with water. With no place to go, they are in great danger.
Student 1: That's terrible. 1 We should take action.
Student 2: I agree. We need to think more about the ecosystem. 2
Student 1: What does the second cartoon tell us?
Student 2: The earth is surrounded by countless hands holding cups, as if people are asking it for resources. It looks so worried and tired out, like it can’t stand the pressure anymore.
Student 1: That's really sad. 3
Student 2: I agree. 4 If we keep doing this, the earth will break down one day.
Student 1: Now look at the last cartoon. It seems to continue the same topic.
Student 2: Exactly. A man is cutting down the trees. His behavior is using up the earth's battery(电池).
Student 1: That's a perfect match. 5
Student 2: We should stop cutting down trees, reduce the use of paper and give the earth a break to recover, or we'll be the ones who suffer in the end.



A. What should we do to make the situation better?
B. For example, we should use more green energy.
C. We take too much from the earth but give too little back.
D. It shows that human activities can badly influence the ecosystem.
E. We should continue to develop the economy even if it harms the environment.
F. It shows that human beings are using too much of the earth's resources without limit.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

1. D
2. B
3. F
4. C
5. A

【分析】
首先通读对话，明确三个卡通均围绕人类活动对地球的影响（环保主题），再结合每个空前后的语境逻辑选择句子：1空需承接第一个卡通的含义，2空需承接“考虑生态系统”的具体措施，3空需承接第二个卡通的寓意，4空需衔接前文观点与后文后果，5空需引出后文的解决措施。
【解析】
1. 空1：前文讨论第一个卡通的含义是工厂排放温室气体导致动物濒危，D选项“它表明人类活动会严重影响生态系统”是对该卡通的总结，符合语境，故选D；
2. 空2：前文提出“要多考虑生态系统”，B选项“比如，我们应该用更多绿色能源”是具体的环保措施，承接上文，故选B；
3. 空3：前文介绍第二个卡通是人类向地球索取资源，F选项“它表明人类无限制地使用地球太多资源”是对该卡通的总结，符合语境，故选F；
4. 空4：前文同意观点，后文提到“继续这样地球会崩溃”，C选项“我们从地球索取太多却回报太少”衔接上下文，逻辑通顺，故选C；
5. 空5：后文回答的是具体措施，A选项“我们应该做什么来改善情况？”引出下文的措施，符合语境，故选A。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.F 4.C 5.A
【知识点】
英语情景对话补全，环保主题语境理解
【点评】
本题为环保主题的补全对话，需学生结合卡通寓意与上下文逻辑选择恰当句子，考查语境分析与逻辑衔接能力，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.5