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Ⅱ. 阅读理解
Astronauts may soon be going to the moon again as NASA (美国国家航空局) plans to build bases there. Astronauts will not be able to take all the food they will need, so they may have to grow some of it on moon farms.
But can plants grow on the moon? Maybe. That is according to a new study. Scientists used the soil (土壤) brought back by Apollo programme (阿波罗计划) astronauts from the moon to grow plants on earth. Scientists put this soil in little cups and some earth soil in other cups, then planted seeds, watered them and placed the cups under growth lights.
In the earth soil, plants grew healthy leaves. In the moon soil, plants grew leaves too. But those plants were smaller. And they were less healthy than those in the earth soil. The older the moon soil was, the worse the plants grew.
Stephen Elardo is one of the scientists. He says it still might be possible to grow plants on the moon. The key to the success of the study could lie in where on the moon you do your planting.
Scientists still have much to learn. But this study brings humans one step closer to calling the moon home.
(
A. Because they enjoy farming.
B. Because they cannot bring all their food from earth.
C. Because the moon soil is very healthy.
D. Because NASA wants to sell moon food.
(
(
A. The weather.
B. The number.
C. The time.
D. The place.
(
A. To test if astronauts can live on the moon.
B. To see if plants can grow in the moon soil.
C. To compare earth and moon soil.
D. To find new ways to cook moon food.
熟词生义
写出下面画线词的汉语意思
Scientists put this soil in little cups... watered them and placed the cups under growth lights.
Astronauts may soon be going to the moon again as NASA (美国国家航空局) plans to build bases there. Astronauts will not be able to take all the food they will need, so they may have to grow some of it on moon farms.
But can plants grow on the moon? Maybe. That is according to a new study. Scientists used the soil (土壤) brought back by Apollo programme (阿波罗计划) astronauts from the moon to grow plants on earth. Scientists put this soil in little cups and some earth soil in other cups, then planted seeds, watered them and placed the cups under growth lights.
In the earth soil, plants grew healthy leaves. In the moon soil, plants grew leaves too. But those plants were smaller. And they were less healthy than those in the earth soil. The older the moon soil was, the worse the plants grew.
Stephen Elardo is one of the scientists. He says it still might be possible to grow plants on the moon. The key to the success of the study could lie in where on the moon you do your planting.
Scientists still have much to learn. But this study brings humans one step closer to calling the moon home.
(
B
)1. Why do astronauts need to grow food on the moon?A. Because they enjoy farming.
B. Because they cannot bring all their food from earth.
C. Because the moon soil is very healthy.
D. Because NASA wants to sell moon food.
(
C
)2. [新考法·跨学科设问] Which graph shows the relationship (关系) between the age of the moon soil (x) and the plants' growth (y)?(
D
)3. What makes the success of the programme according to Stephen Elardo?A. The weather.
B. The number.
C. The time.
D. The place.
(
B
)4. What is the main purpose of the study mentioned in the text?A. To test if astronauts can live on the moon.
B. To see if plants can grow in the moon soil.
C. To compare earth and moon soil.
D. To find new ways to cook moon food.
熟词生义
写出下面画线词的汉语意思
Scientists put this soil in little cups... watered them and placed the cups under growth lights.
放置
答案
1~4 BCDB
☆熟词生义
放置
☆熟词生义
放置
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文查找宇航员在月球种植食物的原因：原文第一段明确说明宇航员无法携带全部所需食物，因此需要在月球种植部分食物，据此匹配选项。
2. 第2题是细节理解题，需定位原文查找月球土壤年龄与植物生长的关系：原文第三段指出月球土壤年龄越大，植物生长状况越差，即二者呈负相关，据此匹配对应图表。
3. 第3题是细节理解题，需定位原文查找Stephen Elardo提到的研究成功关键：原文第四段明确说明成功关键在于种植地点，据此匹配选项。
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文核心内容：全文围绕“用月球土壤种植植物”的研究展开，核心目的是验证植物能否在月球土壤生长，据此匹配选项。
5. 熟词生义题需结合语境判断单词含义：原文描述将杯子放在生长灯下，据此确定单词含义。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段“Astronauts will not be able to take all the food they will need, so they may have to grow some of it on moon farms.”可知，宇航员无法携带全部所需食物，因此需要在月球种植部分食物，对应选项B。
2. 第2题：根据原文第三段“The older the moon soil was, the worse the plants grew.”可知，月球土壤年龄越大，植物生长状况越差，即x（土壤年龄）与y（植物生长）呈负相关，对应符合该关系的图表。
3. 第3题：根据原文第四段“The key to the success of the study could lie in where on the moon you do your planting.”可知，研究成功的关键在于种植地点，对应选项D。
4. 第4题：全文围绕“科学家用月球土壤种植植物”的研究展开，核心目的是验证植物能否在月球土壤中生长，对应选项B。
5. 熟词生义：结合语境“把杯子放在生长灯下”，placed的含义为“放置”。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B；放置
【知识点】
英语阅读理解；英语词汇（熟词生义）
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解常规题型，涵盖细节理解、主旨大意及熟词生义考查，需学生精准定位原文信息，结合语境分析词汇含义，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文查找宇航员在月球种植食物的原因：原文第一段明确说明宇航员无法携带全部所需食物，因此需要在月球种植部分食物，据此匹配选项。
2. 第2题是细节理解题，需定位原文查找月球土壤年龄与植物生长的关系：原文第三段指出月球土壤年龄越大，植物生长状况越差，即二者呈负相关，据此匹配对应图表。
3. 第3题是细节理解题，需定位原文查找Stephen Elardo提到的研究成功关键：原文第四段明确说明成功关键在于种植地点，据此匹配选项。
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文核心内容：全文围绕“用月球土壤种植植物”的研究展开，核心目的是验证植物能否在月球土壤生长，据此匹配选项。
5. 熟词生义题需结合语境判断单词含义：原文描述将杯子放在生长灯下，据此确定单词含义。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段“Astronauts will not be able to take all the food they will need, so they may have to grow some of it on moon farms.”可知，宇航员无法携带全部所需食物，因此需要在月球种植部分食物，对应选项B。
2. 第2题：根据原文第三段“The older the moon soil was, the worse the plants grew.”可知，月球土壤年龄越大，植物生长状况越差，即x（土壤年龄）与y（植物生长）呈负相关，对应符合该关系的图表。
3. 第3题：根据原文第四段“The key to the success of the study could lie in where on the moon you do your planting.”可知，研究成功的关键在于种植地点，对应选项D。
4. 第4题：全文围绕“科学家用月球土壤种植植物”的研究展开，核心目的是验证植物能否在月球土壤中生长，对应选项B。
5. 熟词生义：结合语境“把杯子放在生长灯下”，placed的含义为“放置”。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B；放置
【知识点】
英语阅读理解；英语词汇（熟词生义）
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解常规题型，涵盖细节理解、主旨大意及熟词生义考查，需学生精准定位原文信息，结合语境分析词汇含义，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
