2026年时代新课程八年级英语下册译林版第86页答案
三、完成句子
1. 我已经意识到在公共场合举止得体至关重要。
I have realized that
it is very important to behave properly
in public.
2. 在我们班,我们鼓励彼此坦然接受赞扬,并一起分享快乐。
In our class, we encourage each other to
accept praise openly
and share the joy together.
3. 说到早饭,豆浆搭配油条准错不了。
When it comes to
breakfast, you
can't go wrong with
soy milk and youtiao.
4. 开派对时,要让每个人都有宾至如归的感受可不是一件简单的事。
Making everyone feel at home
at a party is not an easy task.
5. 在别人对我们说话时,我们应该习惯认真倾听。
We should
get used to listening
carefully when someone is speaking to us.
6. 在正式场合下,我们中国人该如何称呼他人?
How do we Chinese people
address others in formal situations
?
7. 热情好客的主人不停地往我盘子里添菜,我却不知道该如何礼貌地拒绝。
The hospitable host
kept putting more food on my plate
and I didn't know how to refuse politely.

答案

1. it is very important to behave properly
2. accept praise openly
3. When it comes to; can't go wrong with
4. Making everyone feel at home
5. get used to listening
6. address others in formal situations
7. kept putting more food on my plate

解析

【分析】
做这类汉译英完成句子题,解题思路可以按三步走:第一步先对照题干给出的中英文内容,精准定位空缺部分对应的中文语义;第二步结合已学的英语句型、固定搭配、语法规则匹配对应表达;第三步核查时态、主谓一致、非谓语形式等细节,保证填入内容和整句语法逻辑完全通顺。比如第1题空缺对应“举止得体至关重要”,立刻想到it作形式主语的常用句型来避免头重脚轻;第7题后半句用了一般过去时,前半句的动作也要对应调整为过去式,保证时态统一。
【解析】
1. 空缺部分语义为“举止得体至关重要”,宾语从句中用it作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式to behave properly,构成句型it is very important to do sth,符合语法和语义要求。
2. 空缺部分语义为“坦然接受赞扬”,空前有encourage each other to,to后面接动词原形,“坦然接受”译为accept openly,“赞扬”译为praise,组合为accept praise openly。
3. 第一空对应语义“说到”,是固定常用表达When it comes to,句首首字母大写;第二空对应语义“准错不了”,固定搭配can't go wrong with,符合语境。
4. 空缺部分语义为“要让每个人都有宾至如归的感受”,句中已有谓语is,需要用动名词短语作主语,“让某人宾至如归”是固定搭配make sb feel at home,变动名词形式为Making everyone feel at home。
5. 空缺部分语义为“习惯认真倾听”,空前有情态动词should,后面接动词原形,“习惯做某事”是固定搭配get used to doing sth,“倾听”是listen,组合为get used to listening。
6. 空缺部分语义为“在正式场合下称呼他人”,空前有助动词do,后面接动词原形,address此处表示“称呼”,“在正式场合”译为in formal situations,组合为address others in formal situations。
7. 空缺部分语义为“不停地往我盘子里添菜”,后半句用了一般过去时didn't know,前半句时态保持一致,“不停地做某事”是keep doing sth,keep的过去式是kept,组合为kept putting more food on my plate。
【答案】
1. it is very important to behave properly
2. accept praise openly
3. When it comes to; can't go wrong with
4. Making everyone feel at home
5. get used to listening
6. address others in formal situations
7. kept putting more food on my plate
【知识点】
固定短语搭配
it作形式主语
动名词作主语
【点评】
本题围绕日常交际、礼仪场景设置考点,既考察学生对常用固定表达的积累程度,也兼顾了时态、句型结构等基础语法的应用,能有效检验学生在具体语境中灵活运用英语输出正确表达的能力,提醒学生平时要多积累场景化的地道英语搭配。
【难度系数】
0.6
四、综合阅读 阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,含动词时态语态变化和非谓语形式。
At the dinner table, Westerners use knives and forks while the Chinese use chopsticks. Since at least 3,000 years ago, chopsticks (1)
have been
(be) the eating tool for the Chinese people. Ancient Chinese used pottery pots (陶罐) to cook food during the Pottery Age. And they used branches or bamboo sticks (2)
to pick
(pick) up the food. Later on, they (3)
developed
(develop) the habit of using chopsticks. In general, the material of chopsticks can be divided into five groups: bamboo and wood, metal, jade, bone and chemical plastics. In modern family life, people prefer to use the bamboo or wooden chopsticks (4)
because
they are good for the environment and cost a little.

Using knives and forks or chopsticks brings about a (5)
difference
(different) in lifestyle. For example, the use of knives and forks makes it (6)
easy
(easily) for people to eat individually (分别地). And the use of chopsticks makes it possible for the family members to have meals together. As the Westerners prefer to eat individually, they have the idea and habit of (7)
not depending
(not depend) on others after they grow (8)
into
adults. The way that Chinese people use chopsticks and eat with others around the table is connected with the lifestyle of the Chinese family. Now, (9)
an
increasing number of foreign students in China (10)
are coming
(learn) about how to use chopsticks. In fact, whether it is chopsticks or forks and knives, they are both the crystallization of human wisdom.
(1)
have been
(2)
to pick
(3)
developed
(4)
because
(5)
difference

(6)
easy
(7)
not depending
(8)
into
(9)
an
(10)
are coming

答案

1. have been
2. to pick
3. developed
4. because
5. difference
6. easy
7. not depending
8. into
9. an
10. are coming

解析

【分析】
这是一篇介绍中西方餐具文化的语篇语法填空题,解题思路如下:第一步先通读全文,理清文章叙事逻辑:先介绍筷子的起源与发展,再对比刀叉、筷子对应的不同生活方式,最后说明越来越多在华外国学生开始了解筷子的使用。第二步逐空结合提示词、句子结构、时间标志、固定搭配、语境逻辑逐一推导:
1. 看到时间标志Since+过去时间点,立刻对应现在完成时的用法,结合主语chopsticks是复数,推导be动词的正确形式;
2. 看到use sth. 后接动作,回忆use sth. to do sth.的固定搭配,判断用不定式作目的状语;
3. 时间标志Later on指代过去的时间,描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时;
4. 空格前后是两个完整分句,后句是前句行为的原因,判断填原因状语从句引导词;
5. 空格前有不定冠词a,需要接可数名词单数,把形容词different转换为对应名词;
6. 匹配make it + 形容词 + for sb. to do的固定结构,把副词easily转换为形容词作宾补;
7. 空格前是介词of,介词后接动名词作宾语,直接在动名词前加not构成否定形式;
8. 要表达“长大成为成年人”,对应固定短语grow into,填入正确介词;
9. 固定搭配a number of表示“许多”,后面的increasing以元音音素开头,不定冠词换为an;
10. 时间标志Now提示动作正在进行,主语是复数的外国学生,匹配现在进行时的正确形式。
【解析】
1. 由时间状语Since at least 3,000 years ago可知,句子需使用现在完成时,主语chopsticks为复数,be动词的现在完成时形式为have been。
2. 此处考查固定搭配use sth. to do sth.,意为“用某物做某事”,用不定式to pick作目的状语。
3. 语境描述过去人们养成用筷子的习惯,属于过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,develop的过去式为developed。
4. 空格后分句是“人们偏爱竹木筷子”的原因,用连词because引导原因状语从句。
5. 不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数,形容词different对应的名词形式为difference,意为“差异”。
6. 此处是固定结构make it + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.,it作形式宾语,形容词作宾语补足语,副词easily对应的形容词形式为easy。
7. 介词of后接动名词作宾语,否定形式直接在动名词前加not,因此填not depending。
8. 固定短语grow into adults意为“长大成为成年人”,填入介词into。
9. 固定搭配an increasing number of意为“越来越多的”,单词increasing以元音音素开头,不定冠词用an。
10. 时间状语Now提示动作正在发生,主语foreign students为复数,结合语境填are coming,表逐渐开始了解使用筷子的状态。
【答案】
1. have been
2. to pick
3. developed
4. because
5. difference
6. easy
7. not depending
8. into
9. an
10. are coming
【知识点】
时态辨析,非谓语动词,固定短语
【点评】
本题属于典型的初中语篇型语法填空题,话题结合中西方饮食餐具文化,兼具知识性和趣味性,考点覆盖了初中阶段核心语法点,既要求学生熟练掌握基础语法规则,也需要结合上下文语境逻辑进行判断,能够有效考察学生的综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6