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体裁: 说明文
主题: 发明与创造
难度: ★★★★★
建议用时: 8 min
正确率: /4
①China’s home-grown aircraft are playing an important role in protecting the country’s green mountains. Many models of newly developed large unmanned aerial vehicles（UAVs，无人机）are showing their ability to protect the environment.
②In recent years, they have been used to do some dangerous things, like putting out forest fires. In March 2024, a big forest fire started in Yajiang County, Sichuan. It seemed very dangerous. The UAVs used special cameras to take pictures of the fire. These pictures helped firefighters know where the fire was. Other planes dropped water on the fire. Soon, they stopped the fire from spreading.
③Another cool aircraft that can help to control big fires is the AG600 “Kunlong”. It is the world’s biggest plane that can land on water. It can carry a lot of water and fill up fast. In tests, it could control big fires with just a few water drops.
④Besides helping in the fire, these new aircraft were also used for drought（干旱）. The MA60 is such a new style. In the spring of 2024, MA60 increased the rounds of rainfall in Shaanxi Province. They have also played a key role in facing the challenges of the weather.
⑤The “Yilong”-2H drone helps in dry places, too. It can fly long distances and carry a lot. This allows it to go deep into areas with rain-forming clouds and release substances（释放物质）to make it rain, helping areas that often suffer from drought.
⑥As technology（技术）gets better, we can expect more new and creative aircraft. These future planes won’t just fight natural disasters more efficiently. They’ll not only help in other environmental work but also reduce the influence of natural disasters and protect people’s lives and wealth.
1. 新趋势·补全文章 Which of the following sentences can be put in “”?
＞＞ 补全文章题解题策略见 P89 重点精讲
A. But the new aircraft quickly arrived to help.
B. It was the biggest fire in the history of Sichuan.
C. Firefighters on the ground had no idea how to start.
D. People were very scared and didn’t know what to do.
2. What is a special ability of the AG600 “Kunlong”?
A. It uses cameras to find where the forest fires are.
B. It predicts weather changes during spring droughts.
C. It spreads substances into clouds to produce rainfall.
D. It can carry large amounts of water and refill quickly.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. China’s home-grown aircraft can only deal with forest fires.
B. More types of home-grown aircraft will be developed in the future.
C. The “Yilong”-2H drone is used to release substances for creating rain.
D. The use of aircraft is mainly to show China’s improvement in technology.
4. 新趋势·篇章结构 Which of the following shows the correct structure of the passage?
体裁: 说明文
主题: 发明与创造
难度: ★★★★★
建议用时: 8 min
正确率: /4
①China’s home-grown aircraft are playing an important role in protecting the country’s green mountains. Many models of newly developed large unmanned aerial vehicles（UAVs，无人机）are showing their ability to protect the environment.
②In recent years, they have been used to do some dangerous things, like putting out forest fires. In March 2024, a big forest fire started in Yajiang County, Sichuan. It seemed very dangerous. The UAVs used special cameras to take pictures of the fire. These pictures helped firefighters know where the fire was. Other planes dropped water on the fire. Soon, they stopped the fire from spreading.
③Another cool aircraft that can help to control big fires is the AG600 “Kunlong”. It is the world’s biggest plane that can land on water. It can carry a lot of water and fill up fast. In tests, it could control big fires with just a few water drops.
④Besides helping in the fire, these new aircraft were also used for drought（干旱）. The MA60 is such a new style. In the spring of 2024, MA60 increased the rounds of rainfall in Shaanxi Province. They have also played a key role in facing the challenges of the weather.
⑤The “Yilong”-2H drone helps in dry places, too. It can fly long distances and carry a lot. This allows it to go deep into areas with rain-forming clouds and release substances（释放物质）to make it rain, helping areas that often suffer from drought.
⑥As technology（技术）gets better, we can expect more new and creative aircraft. These future planes won’t just fight natural disasters more efficiently. They’ll not only help in other environmental work but also reduce the influence of natural disasters and protect people’s lives and wealth.
1. 新趋势·补全文章 Which of the following sentences can be put in “”?
＞＞ 补全文章题解题策略见 P89 重点精讲
A. But the new aircraft quickly arrived to help.
B. It was the biggest fire in the history of Sichuan.
C. Firefighters on the ground had no idea how to start.
D. People were very scared and didn’t know what to do.
2. What is a special ability of the AG600 “Kunlong”?
A. It uses cameras to find where the forest fires are.
B. It predicts weather changes during spring droughts.
C. It spreads substances into clouds to produce rainfall.
D. It can carry large amounts of water and refill quickly.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. China’s home-grown aircraft can only deal with forest fires.
B. More types of home-grown aircraft will be developed in the future.
C. The “Yilong”-2H drone is used to release substances for creating rain.
D. The use of aircraft is mainly to show China’s improvement in technology.
4. 新趋势·篇章结构 Which of the following shows the correct structure of the passage?
答案
1. A 补全文章题。根据上文“In recent years，they have been used to do some dangerous things，like putting out forest fires.”可知无人机被用来扑灭森林火灾，上文“In March 2024，a big forest fire started in Yajiang County，Sichuan.”提到四川雅江县发生森林火灾，下文“The UAVs used special cameras to take pictures of the fire ... Other planes dropped water on the fire ...”提到无人机和其他飞机在灭火中的作用，此处应介绍飞机前来帮忙；A项“但新飞机很快就来帮忙了。”承上启下。故选A。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第三段“It is the world's biggest plane that can land on water. It can carry a lot of water and fill up fast.”可知 AG600“鲲龙”的特殊能力是携带大量的水并快速补水。故选D。
3. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As technology gets better，we can expect more new and creative aircraft.”可知随着技术进步，未来会有更多类型的国产飞机。故选B。
4. A 篇章结构题。结合文章内容可知，本文第一段总体介绍国产飞机在保护环境方面发挥重要作用；第二、三段举例介绍国产飞机应对森林火灾的作用；第四、五段举例介绍国产飞机应对干旱的作用；第六段展望未来国产飞机的发展。故选A。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第三段“It is the world's biggest plane that can land on water. It can carry a lot of water and fill up fast.”可知 AG600“鲲龙”的特殊能力是携带大量的水并快速补水。故选D。
3. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As technology gets better，we can expect more new and creative aircraft.”可知随着技术进步，未来会有更多类型的国产飞机。故选B。
4. A 篇章结构题。结合文章内容可知，本文第一段总体介绍国产飞机在保护环境方面发挥重要作用；第二、三段举例介绍国产飞机应对森林火灾的作用；第四、五段举例介绍国产飞机应对干旱的作用；第六段展望未来国产飞机的发展。故选A。
解析
【分析】
解答篇章结构题时，需先逐段概括文章核心内容，明确各段落的功能（总起、分述、结论），再对应选项的结构框架进行匹配。首先通读全文：第①段是总起，介绍中国国产飞机在环保领域的重要作用；第②、③段分述国产飞机在扑灭森林火灾中的应用；第④、⑤段分述国产飞机在应对干旱中的应用；第⑥段是总结，展望未来国产飞机的发展。据此匹配选项的结构即可得出答案。
【解析】
首先梳理文章各部分内容：①段为Introduction（总起），点明国产飞机在环保中的作用；②、③段属于Application in environment protection下的for fires（应对火灾）的应用；④、⑤段属于Application in environment protection下的for drought（应对干旱）的应用；⑥段为Conclusion（结论）。对比选项，只有选项A的结构与上述梳理完全一致，故选A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
篇章结构分析、说明文阅读
【点评】
本题考查说明文的篇章结构梳理，要求学生准确概括各段落的核心功能，区分总起、分述不同场景及结论部分，需具备一定的文本整合能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
解答篇章结构题时，需先逐段概括文章核心内容，明确各段落的功能（总起、分述、结论），再对应选项的结构框架进行匹配。首先通读全文：第①段是总起，介绍中国国产飞机在环保领域的重要作用；第②、③段分述国产飞机在扑灭森林火灾中的应用；第④、⑤段分述国产飞机在应对干旱中的应用；第⑥段是总结，展望未来国产飞机的发展。据此匹配选项的结构即可得出答案。
【解析】
首先梳理文章各部分内容：①段为Introduction（总起），点明国产飞机在环保中的作用；②、③段属于Application in environment protection下的for fires（应对火灾）的应用；④、⑤段属于Application in environment protection下的for drought（应对干旱）的应用；⑥段为Conclusion（结论）。对比选项，只有选项A的结构与上述梳理完全一致，故选A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
篇章结构分析、说明文阅读
【点评】
本题考查说明文的篇章结构梳理，要求学生准确概括各段落的核心功能，区分总起、分述不同场景及结论部分，需具备一定的文本整合能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
