Ⅴ. 语法填空
How to make a fruit salad
Next time you go on $\underline{\quad1\quad}$ picnic, try to bring a fruit salad to share! How do you make a fruit salad? OK, I have some $\underline{\quad2\quad}$ (tip) for you.
$\underline{\quad3\quad}$ (one), go to the market and find some fruit in season. Make sure it's fresh. You should use fruit of different colours to make it look as good as it tastes. For example, $\underline{\quad4\quad}$ (mix) red apples, green pears, purple grapes and orange oranges together will make your fruit salad $\underline{\quad5\quad}$ (colour). Next, turn on the tap and wash everything well. Cut your fruit $\underline{\quad6\quad}$ small pieces. Finally, add some cream to your salad and taste it. It is so easy that you $\underline{\quad7\quad}$ (not need) any instructions to make this delicious food! But remember $\underline{\quad8\quad}$ (prepare) the fruit salad just $\underline{\quad9\quad}$ you're going to eat it. Some of the fruit will $\underline{\quad10\quad}$ (quick) turn brown when you leave it in the air for some time.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.

1. a 2. tips 3. First 4. mixing 5. colourful/colorful
6. into 7. don't need 8. to prepare 9. before 10. quickly

【分析】
这道语法填空是介绍制作水果沙拉步骤的说明文，解题时我们可以逐空结合语境、固定搭配、句子成分分析来推导答案：
1. 首先看到第一空后面的picnic，回忆常见的和picnic搭配的短语，go on a picnic是固定表达，直接确定冠词；
2. 第二空前面有some，后面给的名词tip是可数名词，some后接可数名词要变复数；
3. 第三空后面是介绍第一步操作，和后文的Next对应，要把基数词one变成表示顺序的形式；
4. 第四空在句子开头，后面已经有谓语will make，说明这里的动词要作主语，动词作主语要变动名词形式；
5. 第五空是make的复合结构，make sth + 形容词表示“使某物处于某种状态”，要把名词colour变成形容词；
6. 第六空后面是small pieces，回忆“把某物切成小块”的固定搭配，就能确定介词；
7. 第七空是一般现在时的否定句，主语是you，助动词用don't加动词原形即可；
8. 第八空考察remember的固定用法，这里是提醒还没做的事，用remember to do结构；
9. 第九空结合句意，要在吃沙拉之前再准备，符合逻辑的时间连词就是before；
10. 第十空后面是动词短语turn brown，修饰动词要用副词，把形容词quick变成副词形式。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配go on a picnic，意为“去野餐”，空处填不定冠词a。
2. 考查名词复数，some后接可数名词时需要用复数形式，tip是可数名词，复数为tips。
3. 考查序数词，此处表示“首先”，对应后文的Next，one的序数词形式为First，句首首字母大写。
4. 考查非谓语动词，此处作句子的主语，动词mix要变为动名词形式mixing。
5. 考查形容词作宾补，make sth + adj. 表示“使某物……”，colour的形容词形式是colourful（也可写作美式拼写colorful），表示“五颜六色的”。
6. 考查固定搭配cut sth into pieces，意为“把某物切成碎片/块”，空处填介词into。
7. 考查一般现在时的否定形式，主语是you，一般现在时的否定借助助动词don't，后接动词原形need，即don't need。
8. 考查非谓语动词的固定搭配remember to do sth.，意为“记得去做某事（还未做）”，此处是提醒读者要做的事，填to prepare。
9. 考查连词，句意为“但记得要在你打算吃之前准备水果沙拉”，表示“在……之前”的时间连词是before。
10. 考查副词，此处修饰动词短语turn brown，需要用副词形式，quick的副词是quickly。
【答案】
1. a 2. tips 3. First 4. mixing 5. colourful/colorful
6. into 7. don't need 8. to prepare 9. before 10. quickly
【知识点】
固定搭配，词性转换，非谓语动词
【点评】
本题围绕生活化的制作水果沙拉的主题展开，考点都是初中英语的核心基础知识点，没有偏题怪题，既考察了学生对常用短语的记忆，也锻炼了学生结合句子成分判断词形变化的能力，适合巩固基础语法填空的解题思路。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅵ. 阅读还原(有一项多余)
Do-it-yourself projects let you design your house, providing a way to save money, but even with step-by-step instructions, DIY doesn't always go as planned. Nearly 80% of homeowners make a mistake while doing DIY.
1
Taking on Too Much.
More than 40% of people find DIY projects more difficult and expensive than they thought. Bailey Carson, a home care expert, said,
"2 It's important to think about why you want to do DIY, and what you hope to get out of it. Without the time, tools, and skills to do it correctly and safely, mistakes may cost you more than simply paying others to help."
3
A third of people used the wrong tool for a DIY project. Many tools are designed for special uses and materials, so if you use them for other tasks, you may get hurt. Always use the proper tools for each project, and make sure you know how to use them.
Not Safety First.
4 Of the survey people who once made a big mistake during their DIY projects, 47% said that the mistake led to serious problems, while 44% started a fire or fell off a roof or ladder. Take your time and follow all safety rules when using tools to protect yourself.
Skipping(跳过) Important Steps.
Skipping a key step can end up your whole DIY project. And you might not know it until much later. In the survey, 47% of people said that they had finished a DIY project before knowing it was done wrong. 5 And make sure you have the necessary(必要的) skills to complete each step.
A. Using the Wrong Tools.
B. Not Attending DIY Lessons.
C. You may need to think twice.
D. DIY mistakes can also be dangerous.
E. Read all instructions carefully before you begin.
F. Here are four biggest mistakes that homeowners often make.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
批改

Ⅵ. ［文章大意］本文主要介绍了 DIY 项目的四个常见错误，包括承担太多、使用错误工具、不重视安全以及跳过重要步骤。
1~5 F C A D E

【分析】
这是一篇说明文类阅读还原题，解题时首先通读全文明确文章核心主题：介绍房主做DIY时常犯的几类典型错误，再结合文章总分的结构特征，根据每个空的位置属性（总起句、小标题、段中衔接句、段尾建议句），匹配上下文的逻辑和主题逐一筛选选项：第一空前文点明近80%房主做DIY会出错，后文直接开始列举第一个错误，需要总起句引出下文内容；第二空前文提到很多人低估DIY的难度和成本，后文提醒要确认自身具备做DIY的条件，需要衔接提醒谨慎决策的内容；第三空是段落小标题，对应段落全段围绕工具使用的问题展开，直接匹配对应主题的选项；第四空后文列举了DIY失误引发火灾、坠落等严重事故，需要总起说明DIY失误的危险性；第五空前文提到跳过关键步骤会导致DIY出错，后文提醒要确认有完成每一步的技能，补充对应的正确做法即可，最后排除和所有分点主题都无关的多余选项，验证逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 空1：前文引出很多人做DIY会犯错的现象，后文开始分点列举具体的错误类型，F选项“Here are four biggest mistakes that homeowners often make.”起到总起下文的作用，完全符合语境，选F。
2. 空2：前文说明很多人发现DIY比预想的更难、花费更高，后文提醒要想清楚做DIY的目的、确认自己有对应的时间、工具和技能，C选项“You may need to think twice.”衔接上下文，提醒人们谨慎做决定，符合逻辑，选C。
3. 空3：该段全部内容围绕使用不合适的工具的危害、要选用正确工具展开，A选项“Using the Wrong Tools.”是对应段落的小标题，完全契合段落主题，选A。
4. 空4：后文列举了DIY失误引发严重故障、火灾、从屋顶或梯子坠落等危险情况，D选项“DIY mistakes can also be dangerous.”总领本段内容，符合语境，选D。
5. 空5：前文提到跳过关键步骤会导致DIY项目出错，后文提醒要确认有完成每一步的必要技能，E选项“Read all instructions carefully before you begin.”是避免跳过步骤的正确做法，衔接通顺，选E。
【答案】1.F 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.E
【知识点】阅读还原 上下文逻辑衔接 说明文总分结构
【点评】本题难度适中，依托典型的总分式说明文体裁设题，干扰项和全文四个分点主题完全不相关，区分度较高，学生只要抓住段落主题关键词、理清句间逻辑关系就能快速锁定正确答案。
【难度系数】0.7