Ⅴ. 词汇运用
The Book
(By Zhu Xi)
There lies a glassy oblong pool,
Where light and shade pursue their course.
How can it be so clear and cool?
For water comes fresh from the source.
(Translated by Xu Yuanchong)
Reading can be helpful in different ways. Song Dynasty poet Zhu Xi uses the metaphor(比喻) of flowing water in the poem The Book. He wants (1) () readers that reading is important for improving oneself. Only by (2) () can people take in new knowledge to make progress. (3) he hopes people could get past being lazy while reading in order to make their minds as clear as a pool of water.
The poem begins with a picture of (4) square pond, half an acre in size. The poet goes into descriptive detail about how the pond reflects the sky and the clouds, creating a (5) () and quiet environment. The tranquil pool of water serves as a mirror, reflecting the world around it.
The question comes up, "How can it be so clear and cool?" The answer hidden in this poem (6) () in the last line. The pond's clarity(清澈)and freshness are due to the source of live water that runs into it.
The live water and the pool is a smart metaphor which (7) () by Zhu Xi to explain the (8) () of original and authentic knowledge for clarity of mind. The pool symbolizes the mind of a reader,while the live water represents the continual influx(涌入) of knowledge.
The poem concludes with the message that as long as one continuously seeks out(寻求)fresh and original knowledge,their mind, (9) the pond,can remain clear. That's the (10) () attitude towards life and learning.
That's the wisdom Zhu Xi shares with us in The Book.

【解析】：
这是一道英语词汇运用题，主要考查了动词形式、介词使用、冠词使用、形容词形式以及名词形式等知识点。题目给出了一篇关于阅读的诗歌以及其解释，要求学生在空白处填入适当的词或词组。
(1) 此处考查动词不定式作为宾语，表示“想要做某事”，故填入`to tell`。
(2) 此处是介词`by`后接动词-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式”，所以填入`reading`。
(3) 此处需要连词表示顺承关系，可填入`And`。
(4) 此处需要冠词修饰`square pond`，由于`square`以辅音音素开头，故使用`a`。
(5) 此处需要形容词修饰`environment`，表示“和平的，宁静的”，所以填入`peaceful`。
(6) 此处是主谓一致问题，主语`The answer`为单数，所以动词用第三人称单数形式，填入`lies`。
(7) 此处是被动语态，表示“被使用”，所以填入`is used`。
(8) 此处需要名词形式作为`explain`的宾语，表示“重要性”，故填入`importance`。
(9) 此处是类比关系，用`like`表示“像”。
(10) 此处需要名词所有格修饰`attitude`，表示“诗人的态度”，所以填入`poet's`。
【答案】：
(1) to tell
(2) reading
(3) And
(4) a
(5) peaceful
(6) lies
(7) is used
(8) importance
(9) like
(10) poet's

翻译:
### Ⅴ. 词汇运用
#### 《观书有感》
（朱熹 著）
（许渊冲 译）
半亩方塘一鉴开，
天光云影共徘徊。
问渠那得清如许？
为有源头活水来。
阅读能在不同方面发挥作用。宋代诗人朱熹在《观书有感》一诗中运用了流水的比喻。他想要（1）____（告诉）读者，阅读对于提升自我很重要。人们只有通过（2）____（阅读）才能吸收新知识以取得进步。（3）____他希望人们在阅读时能克服懒惰，以使自己的头脑像一潭清水一样澄澈。
这首诗开篇描绘了一个半亩见方的池塘，它像一面镜子一样展开。诗人详细地描述了池塘如何倒映着天空和云朵，营造出一种（5）____（宁静）而清幽的氛围。这潭平静的池水就像一面镜子，映照着周围的世界。
随之而来的问题是：“它怎么会如此清澈呢？”这首诗中隐含的答案（6）____（在于）最后一行。池塘的清澈与清新源于有活水注入其中。
活水和池塘是一个巧妙的比喻，朱熹用它来阐释（8）____（重要性），即原汁原味、真实可靠的知识对于头脑的清醒而言的重要性。池塘象征着读者的头脑，而活水则代表着知识的不断涌入。
这首诗的寓意是，只要一个人不断探寻新鲜、原创的知识，他的头脑，就像（9）____池塘一样，就能保持清醒。这就是这位（10）____（诗人）对待生活和学习的态度。
这就是朱熹在《观书有感》中与我们分享的智慧。