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二、书面表达。
请写一篇关于自然灾害的短文:介绍某自然灾害的造成原因、影响,以
及人们该如何应对;最后向人们发出倡议——共同保护环境,预防和减少
自然灾害的发生。
参考词:storm 暴雨, typhoon 台风, earthquake 地震, tsunami海啸
提示要点:1. What is it?
2. What effects did it have on people?
3. How can people get ready for it?
4. How can people behave during the disaster?
5. How can people get back to their lives after the disaster?
请写一篇关于自然灾害的短文:介绍某自然灾害的造成原因、影响,以
及人们该如何应对;最后向人们发出倡议——共同保护环境,预防和减少
自然灾害的发生。
参考词:storm 暴雨, typhoon 台风, earthquake 地震, tsunami海啸
提示要点:1. What is it?
2. What effects did it have on people?
3. How can people get ready for it?
4. How can people behave during the disaster?
5. How can people get back to their lives after the disaster?
答案
One possible version:
A typhoon is a powerful storm with heavy rain
and strong winds, usually hitting in summer or
autumn.
Typhoons can cause lots of problems. Strong
winds may blow down trees and damage houses.
Heavy rain often leads to floods. Sometimes, people
may lose power and water supply on typhoon days.
We can learn some knowledge about weather
reports, store enough food and drinking water at
home, prepare a flashlight and batteries and know
the safe places nearby. During the typhoon, it's
important to stay inside, keep away from windows
and avoid using electrical devices. After it passes,
we are supposed to check for safety and follow the
government's guidance to get back to normal life
step by step.
Typhoons are dangerous, but being careful can
keep us safe.
A typhoon is a powerful storm with heavy rain
and strong winds, usually hitting in summer or
autumn.
Typhoons can cause lots of problems. Strong
winds may blow down trees and damage houses.
Heavy rain often leads to floods. Sometimes, people
may lose power and water supply on typhoon days.
We can learn some knowledge about weather
reports, store enough food and drinking water at
home, prepare a flashlight and batteries and know
the safe places nearby. During the typhoon, it's
important to stay inside, keep away from windows
and avoid using electrical devices. After it passes,
we are supposed to check for safety and follow the
government's guidance to get back to normal life
step by step.
Typhoons are dangerous, but being careful can
keep us safe.
解析
【分析】
解题时首先从题干给出的参考自然灾害中选择自己最熟悉、素材储备最充足的台风作为写作对象，避免内容卡壳。接下来按照题干给出的5个提示要点逐一搭建文章框架，防止漏点：第一步先明确介绍台风的定义与基本发生特征，回答“What is it?”的问题；第二步梳理台风给人们的生命财产、日常生活带来的各类负面影响，回答灾害影响相关的问题；第三步依次对应灾前准备、灾中避险、灾后恢复三个要求，写出不同阶段人们的正确做法；最后补充题干要求的共同保护环境、减少灾害发生的倡议作为收尾，最后通读全文修正语法错误，保证逻辑连贯、表达通顺。
【解析】
本次书面表达可以按照4段式的清晰结构完成写作：
1. 开篇段：直接点明介绍的对象是台风，给出定义，说明台风是伴随强风暴雨的强风暴，通常在夏秋季来袭，完成第一个要点的表述。
2. 影响段：集中阐述台风带来的各类危害：强风会吹倒树木、损毁房屋，暴雨容易引发洪水，还可能造成水电供应中断，覆盖灾害影响的相关要点。
3. 应对段：分灾前、灾中、灾后三个场景依次给出正确做法：灾前主动关注天气预报，在家储备充足的食物和饮用水，准备好手电筒和电池，提前了解附近的安全避险点；台风来袭时留在室内，远离窗户，避免使用电器；台风过境后先排查安全隐患，听从政府指引逐步回归正常生活，覆盖剩余三个提示要点。
4. 收尾段：点明台风虽然危险，做好正确应对就能保障安全，同时呼应题干要求，发出保护环境、从根源预防减少自然灾害的倡议。
【答案】
One possible version:
A typhoon is a powerful storm with heavy rain
and strong winds, usually hitting in summer or
autumn.
Typhoons can cause lots of problems. Strong
winds may blow down trees and damage houses.
Heavy rain often leads to floods. Sometimes, people
may lose power and water supply on typhoon days.
We can learn some knowledge about weather
reports, store enough food and drinking water at
home, prepare a flashlight and batteries and know
the safe places nearby. During the typhoon, it's
important to stay inside, keep away from windows
and avoid using electrical devices. After it passes,
we are supposed to check for safety and follow the
government's guidance to get back to normal life
step by step.
Typhoons are dangerous, but being careful can
keep us safe.
【知识点】
英语话题写作
灾害类词汇运用
写作要点整合
【点评】
本题属于要点提示类的英语话题写作，题干给出的参考词汇和提示问题非常明确，降低了写作的构思门槛，既考察学生对灾害相关主题词汇的掌握程度，也锻炼学生按照指定要求整合内容、梳理行文逻辑的能力。参考范文完全覆盖了所有题干要求的内容，逻辑清晰，表达简洁地道，没有冗余的复杂句式，符合中学阶段英语书面表达的高分要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
解题时首先从题干给出的参考自然灾害中选择自己最熟悉、素材储备最充足的台风作为写作对象，避免内容卡壳。接下来按照题干给出的5个提示要点逐一搭建文章框架，防止漏点：第一步先明确介绍台风的定义与基本发生特征，回答“What is it?”的问题；第二步梳理台风给人们的生命财产、日常生活带来的各类负面影响，回答灾害影响相关的问题；第三步依次对应灾前准备、灾中避险、灾后恢复三个要求，写出不同阶段人们的正确做法；最后补充题干要求的共同保护环境、减少灾害发生的倡议作为收尾，最后通读全文修正语法错误，保证逻辑连贯、表达通顺。
【解析】
本次书面表达可以按照4段式的清晰结构完成写作：
1. 开篇段：直接点明介绍的对象是台风，给出定义，说明台风是伴随强风暴雨的强风暴，通常在夏秋季来袭，完成第一个要点的表述。
2. 影响段：集中阐述台风带来的各类危害：强风会吹倒树木、损毁房屋，暴雨容易引发洪水，还可能造成水电供应中断，覆盖灾害影响的相关要点。
3. 应对段：分灾前、灾中、灾后三个场景依次给出正确做法：灾前主动关注天气预报，在家储备充足的食物和饮用水，准备好手电筒和电池，提前了解附近的安全避险点；台风来袭时留在室内，远离窗户，避免使用电器；台风过境后先排查安全隐患，听从政府指引逐步回归正常生活，覆盖剩余三个提示要点。
4. 收尾段：点明台风虽然危险，做好正确应对就能保障安全，同时呼应题干要求，发出保护环境、从根源预防减少自然灾害的倡议。
【答案】
One possible version:
A typhoon is a powerful storm with heavy rain
and strong winds, usually hitting in summer or
autumn.
Typhoons can cause lots of problems. Strong
winds may blow down trees and damage houses.
Heavy rain often leads to floods. Sometimes, people
may lose power and water supply on typhoon days.
We can learn some knowledge about weather
reports, store enough food and drinking water at
home, prepare a flashlight and batteries and know
the safe places nearby. During the typhoon, it's
important to stay inside, keep away from windows
and avoid using electrical devices. After it passes,
we are supposed to check for safety and follow the
government's guidance to get back to normal life
step by step.
Typhoons are dangerous, but being careful can
keep us safe.
【知识点】
英语话题写作
灾害类词汇运用
写作要点整合
【点评】
本题属于要点提示类的英语话题写作，题干给出的参考词汇和提示问题非常明确，降低了写作的构思门槛，既考察学生对灾害相关主题词汇的掌握程度，也锻炼学生按照指定要求整合内容、梳理行文逻辑的能力。参考范文完全覆盖了所有题干要求的内容，逻辑清晰，表达简洁地道，没有冗余的复杂句式，符合中学阶段英语书面表达的高分要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
