登录
阅读短文,完成下列任务。
Plastic Pollution: A Threat to Our Oceans
Plastic pollution is one of the biggest environmental problems facing our planet today. Each year, millions of tons of plastic waste flows into the world's oceans. 1. Sea turtles, seabirds, and sea mammals often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish(水母) and eat them, leading to injury or death. Even the fish we eat contain microplastics, which can harm human health over time.
Where It Comes From
Most ocean plastic starts on land. 2. Rain and wind carry loose plastic into rivers, which then carry it to the sea. Some plastic waste is also dumped(丢弃) directly into oceans by ships or coastal communities. In some coastal cities, waste management systems are poor, so plastic trash piles up on beaches and washes into the water.
How It Harms Sea Life
Sea animals are badly affected by plastic pollution. 3. For example, seabirds feed their baby birds plastic pieces, thinking they are food, which slows down the birds' growth and can kill birds. Coral reefs(珊瑚礁), which are home to 25% of all sea creatures, are covered by plastic waste. 4. This not only harms fish populations but also puts at risk the lives of people who depend on fishing for living.
How We Can Reduce It
Small changes in daily life can make a big difference. 5. Governments and companies are also taking action: many countries have banned single-use plastic bags, and some brands are changing to biodegradable(可生物降解) packaging. These efforts help reduce the amount of plastic into oceans, but more work is needed to reverse the damage(挽回损失) already done.
任务一:根据短文内容,将下面五个句子还原到短文中。
A. If plastics continue to build up, entire sea ecosystems could break down.
B. Some also choose to take part in beach clean-up events to remove plastic waste.
C. These plastics break down into tiny microplastics that enter the food chain.
D. As a result, they can't get sunlight and die.
E. People use plastic bags, bottles, and packaging in daily life, and much of this waste is not recycled.
任务二:根据短文内容,选择正确的答案。
()1. According to the passage, what do sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for?
A. Jellyfish.
B. Seabirds.
C. Coral reefs.
()2. Most ocean plastic comes from .
A. ships
B. land
C. coastal communities
()3. What is the result of coral reefs being covered by plastic waste?
A. They can't get enough water.
B. They can't get sunlight and die.
C. They grow more slowly.
()4. How can small changes in daily life help reduce plastic pollution?
A. By using more plastic products.
B. By taking part in beach clean-up events.
C. By throwing plastic waste directly into the ocean.
()5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. To introduce the uses of plastic.
B. To tell people the importance of protecting coral reefs.
C. To describe how plastic pollution harms sea life and what can be done.
任务三:根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
1. What kind of animals are harmed by plastic pollution according to the passage?
2. How does plastic pollution affect seabirds' babies?
3. What action have many countries taken to reduce plastic pollution?
4. Is more work needed to reverse the damage caused by plastic pollution?
【拓展篇】
Plastic Pollution: A Threat to Our Oceans
Plastic pollution is one of the biggest environmental problems facing our planet today. Each year, millions of tons of plastic waste flows into the world's oceans. 1. Sea turtles, seabirds, and sea mammals often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish(水母) and eat them, leading to injury or death. Even the fish we eat contain microplastics, which can harm human health over time.
Where It Comes From
Most ocean plastic starts on land. 2. Rain and wind carry loose plastic into rivers, which then carry it to the sea. Some plastic waste is also dumped(丢弃) directly into oceans by ships or coastal communities. In some coastal cities, waste management systems are poor, so plastic trash piles up on beaches and washes into the water.
How It Harms Sea Life
Sea animals are badly affected by plastic pollution. 3. For example, seabirds feed their baby birds plastic pieces, thinking they are food, which slows down the birds' growth and can kill birds. Coral reefs(珊瑚礁), which are home to 25% of all sea creatures, are covered by plastic waste. 4. This not only harms fish populations but also puts at risk the lives of people who depend on fishing for living.
How We Can Reduce It
Small changes in daily life can make a big difference. 5. Governments and companies are also taking action: many countries have banned single-use plastic bags, and some brands are changing to biodegradable(可生物降解) packaging. These efforts help reduce the amount of plastic into oceans, but more work is needed to reverse the damage(挽回损失) already done.
任务一:根据短文内容,将下面五个句子还原到短文中。
A. If plastics continue to build up, entire sea ecosystems could break down.
B. Some also choose to take part in beach clean-up events to remove plastic waste.
C. These plastics break down into tiny microplastics that enter the food chain.
D. As a result, they can't get sunlight and die.
E. People use plastic bags, bottles, and packaging in daily life, and much of this waste is not recycled.
任务二:根据短文内容,选择正确的答案。
()1. According to the passage, what do sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for?
A. Jellyfish.
B. Seabirds.
C. Coral reefs.
()2. Most ocean plastic comes from .
A. ships
B. land
C. coastal communities
()3. What is the result of coral reefs being covered by plastic waste?
A. They can't get enough water.
B. They can't get sunlight and die.
C. They grow more slowly.
()4. How can small changes in daily life help reduce plastic pollution?
A. By using more plastic products.
B. By taking part in beach clean-up events.
C. By throwing plastic waste directly into the ocean.
()5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. To introduce the uses of plastic.
B. To tell people the importance of protecting coral reefs.
C. To describe how plastic pollution harms sea life and what can be done.
任务三:根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
1. What kind of animals are harmed by plastic pollution according to the passage?
2. How does plastic pollution affect seabirds' babies?
3. What action have many countries taken to reduce plastic pollution?
4. Is more work needed to reverse the damage caused by plastic pollution?
【拓展篇】
答案
任务一
1. C
2. E
3. A
4. D
5. B
任务二
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. C
任务三
1. Sea turtles, seabirds, sea mammals, fish and coral reefs are harmed by plastic pollution.
2. Seabirds feed their babies plastic pieces by mistake, which slows down the baby seabirds' growth and can even kill them.
3. Many countries have banned single-use plastic bags.
4. Yes, it is.
1. C
2. E
3. A
4. D
5. B
任务二
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. C
任务三
1. Sea turtles, seabirds, sea mammals, fish and coral reefs are harmed by plastic pollution.
2. Seabirds feed their babies plastic pieces by mistake, which slows down the baby seabirds' growth and can even kill them.
3. Many countries have banned single-use plastic bags.
4. Yes, it is.
解析
任务一解析：根据上下文逻辑匹配句子
1. 空前句说明每年大量塑料垃圾流入海洋，空后内容提到海洋生物误食塑料、微塑料最终危害人类健康，C选项“这些塑料会分解成微小的微塑料，进入食物链”可以完美衔接上下文逻辑。
2. 空前句点明大部分海洋塑料来自陆地，E选项“人们日常生活中使用塑料袋、塑料瓶和包装，很多这类垃圾没有被回收”解释了陆地塑料垃圾的产生原因，衔接后文风雨将散落塑料带入河流的内容。
3. 空前句说明海洋动物受塑料污染影响严重，A选项“如果塑料持续堆积，整个海洋生态系统可能崩溃”总述塑料污染的严重后果，衔接后文列举的海鸟受危害的具体例子。
4. 空前句指出作为25%海洋生物家园的珊瑚礁被塑料垃圾覆盖，D选项“结果它们无法获得阳光，最终死亡”说明珊瑚被塑料覆盖后的直接后果，逻辑通顺。
5. 空前句说明日常生活中的小改变能带来很大积极影响，B选项“一些人还选择参与海滩清理活动来清除塑料垃圾”举例说明普通人可以做出的日常行动，衔接后文政府和企业的相关举措。
任务二解析：
1. 原文第一段明确提到“Sea turtles, seabirds, and sea mammals often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish”，因此选A。
2. 原文“Where It Comes From”板块第一句直接说明“Most ocean plastic starts on land”，因此选B。
3. 文中提到珊瑚礁被塑料覆盖后，会无法获得阳光最终死亡，对应选项B描述。
4. 选项A“使用更多塑料产品”、C“直接把塑料垃圾扔进海洋”都是加剧塑料污染的错误行为，只有B“参与海滩清理活动”是普通人减少塑料污染的日常行动。
5. 全文分别介绍了海洋塑料污染的来源、塑料污染对海洋生物的危害、以及人类可以采取的应对措施，对应C选项的主旨描述。
任务三解析：
所有问题都可以从原文中定位到对应信息，直接提取原文内容作答即可。
1. 空前句说明每年大量塑料垃圾流入海洋，空后内容提到海洋生物误食塑料、微塑料最终危害人类健康，C选项“这些塑料会分解成微小的微塑料，进入食物链”可以完美衔接上下文逻辑。
2. 空前句点明大部分海洋塑料来自陆地，E选项“人们日常生活中使用塑料袋、塑料瓶和包装，很多这类垃圾没有被回收”解释了陆地塑料垃圾的产生原因，衔接后文风雨将散落塑料带入河流的内容。
3. 空前句说明海洋动物受塑料污染影响严重，A选项“如果塑料持续堆积，整个海洋生态系统可能崩溃”总述塑料污染的严重后果，衔接后文列举的海鸟受危害的具体例子。
4. 空前句指出作为25%海洋生物家园的珊瑚礁被塑料垃圾覆盖，D选项“结果它们无法获得阳光，最终死亡”说明珊瑚被塑料覆盖后的直接后果，逻辑通顺。
5. 空前句说明日常生活中的小改变能带来很大积极影响，B选项“一些人还选择参与海滩清理活动来清除塑料垃圾”举例说明普通人可以做出的日常行动，衔接后文政府和企业的相关举措。
任务二解析：
1. 原文第一段明确提到“Sea turtles, seabirds, and sea mammals often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish”，因此选A。
2. 原文“Where It Comes From”板块第一句直接说明“Most ocean plastic starts on land”，因此选B。
3. 文中提到珊瑚礁被塑料覆盖后，会无法获得阳光最终死亡，对应选项B描述。
4. 选项A“使用更多塑料产品”、C“直接把塑料垃圾扔进海洋”都是加剧塑料污染的错误行为，只有B“参与海滩清理活动”是普通人减少塑料污染的日常行动。
5. 全文分别介绍了海洋塑料污染的来源、塑料污染对海洋生物的危害、以及人类可以采取的应对措施，对应C选项的主旨描述。
任务三解析：
所有问题都可以从原文中定位到对应信息，直接提取原文内容作答即可。
