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六、(核心素养·文化意识)阅读表达。
四合院
Beijing courtyard(庭院)house is called siheyuan in Chinese. It is a courtyard surrounded(围绕)by houses on all four sides. People wish to make all the family members enjoy a happy life together，so the siheyuan usually has one gate leading to the outside.
The siheyuan is mainly made of brick and wood，with grey as the main colour. Each siheyuan has several houses. To show the respect(尊敬)，the main house facing south is for the elders to live in，while the side rooms are for the younger generations.
The siheyuan is warm in winter and cool in summer. It is not just a place to live，but a space full of warmth and family culture. The courtyard is the centre of family life and suitable for family gathering. In the free time，family members sit in the yard to rest，chat and drink tea，which is an ideal(理想的)way of life.
Now，some courtyard houses are transformed into(被改造为)museums，art halls or hotels. This not only protects the siheyuan but also helps pass on Chinese culture. The design of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Village also got some ideas from the siheyuan.
1. Why is there usually only one gate in a siheyuan?
2. What are some courtyard houses transformed into?
3. Do you want to live in the siheyuan? Why or why not?
四合院
Beijing courtyard(庭院)house is called siheyuan in Chinese. It is a courtyard surrounded(围绕)by houses on all four sides. People wish to make all the family members enjoy a happy life together，so the siheyuan usually has one gate leading to the outside.
The siheyuan is mainly made of brick and wood，with grey as the main colour. Each siheyuan has several houses. To show the respect(尊敬)，the main house facing south is for the elders to live in，while the side rooms are for the younger generations.
The siheyuan is warm in winter and cool in summer. It is not just a place to live，but a space full of warmth and family culture. The courtyard is the centre of family life and suitable for family gathering. In the free time，family members sit in the yard to rest，chat and drink tea，which is an ideal(理想的)way of life.
Now，some courtyard houses are transformed into(被改造为)museums，art halls or hotels. This not only protects the siheyuan but also helps pass on Chinese culture. The design of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Village also got some ideas from the siheyuan.
1. Why is there usually only one gate in a siheyuan?
Because people wish to make all the family members enjoy a happy life together.
2. What are some courtyard houses transformed into?
Museums, art halls or hotels.
3. Do you want to live in the siheyuan? Why or why not?
Yes. Because I think it's relaxing to live in the siheyuan. (答案不唯一)
答案
1. Because people wish to make all the family members enjoy a happy life together. 2. Museums, art halls or hotels. 3. Yes. Because I think it's relaxing to live in the siheyuan. (答案不唯一)
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍北京四合院的阅读表达题，解题思路如下：1. 前两道题属于细节查找类题目，只需要根据题干的关键词回到原文对应段落定位，直接提取匹配的原文信息就能得到答案；2. 第三道是开放性问答，首先给出明确的个人态度，再结合文中四合院冬暖夏凉、充满家庭氛围等特点给出合理通顺的理由即可，不需要和示例完全一致，逻辑自洽就符合要求。
【解析】
1. 定位题干关键词"only one gate"到原文第一段末尾，原文明确说明人们希望所有家庭成员共同享受幸福生活，所以四合院通常只设一个对外的门，直接提取对应的原因表述即可。
2. 定位题干关键词"transformed into"到原文最后一段第一句，直接提取四合院被改造后的场所名称即可。
3. 本题为开放性试题，作答时首先明确表态，理由贴合文章内容、表述通顺合理即可，无统一标准答案。
【答案】
1. Because people wish to make all the family members enjoy a happy life together.
2. Museums, art halls or hotels.
3. Yes. Because I think it's relaxing to live in the siheyuan. (答案不唯一)
【知识点】
细节信息提取，阅读开放作答，传统民居文化
【点评】
本题结合中国传统建筑四合院的相关文化知识出题，既考查学生快速定位文本关键信息的基础阅读能力，又通过开放性设问引导学生感知中国传统民居的文化魅力，渗透文化意识核心素养，整体作答门槛较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍北京四合院的阅读表达题，解题思路如下：1. 前两道题属于细节查找类题目，只需要根据题干的关键词回到原文对应段落定位，直接提取匹配的原文信息就能得到答案；2. 第三道是开放性问答，首先给出明确的个人态度，再结合文中四合院冬暖夏凉、充满家庭氛围等特点给出合理通顺的理由即可，不需要和示例完全一致，逻辑自洽就符合要求。
【解析】
1. 定位题干关键词"only one gate"到原文第一段末尾，原文明确说明人们希望所有家庭成员共同享受幸福生活，所以四合院通常只设一个对外的门，直接提取对应的原因表述即可。
2. 定位题干关键词"transformed into"到原文最后一段第一句，直接提取四合院被改造后的场所名称即可。
3. 本题为开放性试题，作答时首先明确表态，理由贴合文章内容、表述通顺合理即可，无统一标准答案。
【答案】
1. Because people wish to make all the family members enjoy a happy life together.
2. Museums, art halls or hotels.
3. Yes. Because I think it's relaxing to live in the siheyuan. (答案不唯一)
【知识点】
细节信息提取，阅读开放作答，传统民居文化
【点评】
本题结合中国传统建筑四合院的相关文化知识出题，既考查学生快速定位文本关键信息的基础阅读能力，又通过开放性设问引导学生感知中国传统民居的文化魅力，渗透文化意识核心素养，整体作答门槛较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
