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五、阅读理解
Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, rainstorms and strong winds, usually make a big difference to human life. They not only cause property (财产) loss but also take away people's lives.
Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st, 2024, strong winds hit Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home, causing their deaths. What's worse, more than 1 600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funnelling (狭管效应).
When an earthquake happens, the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations, buildings may even fall down and bury (埋) people in the ground. The most powerful earthquake in 2025 broke out in Myanmar. At least 5 000 people were killed and lots of people were hurt.
Another example is rainstorms. They can flood many places. Dubai lies on the coast of the Persian Gulf (波斯湾) and has a long and beautiful coastline (海岸线). It doesn't rain a lot. But on April 16th, 2024, a big rainstorm hit Dubai. It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a year's worth of rain. The heavy rain flooded roads, shopping malls, and even airports, causing a lot of damage.
To better deal with natural disasters, we need to make our disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief coordination system (防灾救灾机制) better. Also, people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters. But most importantly, we should realize that we are not the master of nature, and we need to care about it and respect it.
Mini-dictionary
Facts are true statements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. They may not be true.
（
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
（
A. It can blow down a lot of trees overnight.
B. It can make buildings fall and kill people.
C. It can flood many places like roads and airports.
D. It can make plants die because of too little water.
（
A. Fact—Opinion—Way
B. Fact—Way—Opinion
C. Opinion—Fact—Reason
D. Opinion—Reason—Fact
（
A. Why natural disasters can take away people's lives.
B. How we can respect nature and live better with it.
C. Where we can learn about different natural disasters.
D. Which kind of natural disasters is the most dangerous.
Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, rainstorms and strong winds, usually make a big difference to human life. They not only cause property (财产) loss but also take away people's lives.
Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st, 2024, strong winds hit Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home, causing their deaths. What's worse, more than 1 600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funnelling (狭管效应).
When an earthquake happens, the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations, buildings may even fall down and bury (埋) people in the ground. The most powerful earthquake in 2025 broke out in Myanmar. At least 5 000 people were killed and lots of people were hurt.
Another example is rainstorms. They can flood many places. Dubai lies on the coast of the Persian Gulf (波斯湾) and has a long and beautiful coastline (海岸线). It doesn't rain a lot. But on April 16th, 2024, a big rainstorm hit Dubai. It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a year's worth of rain. The heavy rain flooded roads, shopping malls, and even airports, causing a lot of damage.
To better deal with natural disasters, we need to make our disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief coordination system (防灾救灾机制) better. Also, people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters. But most importantly, we should realize that we are not the master of nature, and we need to care about it and respect it.
Mini-dictionary
Facts are true statements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. They may not be true.
（
B
）1. How many pieces of news about natural disasters are talked about?A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
（
B
）2. What kind of damage can an earthquake probably cause?A. It can blow down a lot of trees overnight.
B. It can make buildings fall and kill people.
C. It can flood many places like roads and airports.
D. It can make plants die because of too little water.
（
C
）3. How does the writer develop Paragraph 2?A. Fact—Opinion—Way
B. Fact—Way—Opinion
C. Opinion—Fact—Reason
D. Opinion—Reason—Fact
（
B
）4. What might be talked about in the following paragraph?A. Why natural disasters can take away people's lives.
B. How we can respect nature and live better with it.
C. Where we can learn about different natural disasters.
D. Which kind of natural disasters is the most dangerous.
答案
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
解析
【分析】做本题时，需先通读全文，明确各段落围绕不同自然灾害展开的内容；针对每个题目，回到原文定位对应信息，区分事实与观点、分析段落结构，结合上下文逻辑推断下文内容，逐一匹配选项得出答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：通读全文可知，文章提到了strong winds（南昌强风灾害）、earthquake（缅甸地震）、rainstorms（迪拜暴雨）共3种自然灾害，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 细节理解题：根据第三段“buildings may even fall down and bury people in the ground. The most powerful earthquake in 2025 broke out in Myanmar. At least 5 000 people were killed...”可知，地震可能导致建筑倒塌、人员死亡，对应选项B；A是强风的危害，C是暴雨的危害，D与地震无关，故选B。
3. 段落结构题：第二段开头“Strong winds can be very terrible.”是作者的观点（Opinion），接着举了南昌强风灾害的例子（Fact），最后说明灾害原因是狭管效应（Reason），结构为Opinion—Fact—Reason，对应选项C，故选C。
4. 推理判断题：最后一段强调“we should realize that we are not the master of nature, and we need to care about it and respect it”，围绕“尊重自然、与自然和谐相处”展开，下文应继续相关内容，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（段落结构）、英语阅读理解（推理判断）
【点评】本题是关于自然灾害的阅读理解题，考查学生对原文细节的查找、段落结构的分析及内容逻辑的推断能力，难度适中，需学生仔细梳理原文信息，准确匹配选项。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：通读全文可知，文章提到了strong winds（南昌强风灾害）、earthquake（缅甸地震）、rainstorms（迪拜暴雨）共3种自然灾害，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 细节理解题：根据第三段“buildings may even fall down and bury people in the ground. The most powerful earthquake in 2025 broke out in Myanmar. At least 5 000 people were killed...”可知，地震可能导致建筑倒塌、人员死亡，对应选项B；A是强风的危害，C是暴雨的危害，D与地震无关，故选B。
3. 段落结构题：第二段开头“Strong winds can be very terrible.”是作者的观点（Opinion），接着举了南昌强风灾害的例子（Fact），最后说明灾害原因是狭管效应（Reason），结构为Opinion—Fact—Reason，对应选项C，故选C。
4. 推理判断题：最后一段强调“we should realize that we are not the master of nature, and we need to care about it and respect it”，围绕“尊重自然、与自然和谐相处”展开，下文应继续相关内容，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（段落结构）、英语阅读理解（推理判断）
【点评】本题是关于自然灾害的阅读理解题，考查学生对原文细节的查找、段落结构的分析及内容逻辑的推断能力，难度适中，需学生仔细梳理原文信息，准确匹配选项。
【难度系数】0.5
