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二、翻译句子
1. 我成为志愿者已经三年了。(用现在完成时 + for ______ )
2. 自从上个月，他们就一直在做社区服务。(since + 过去时间 ______ )
3. 志愿者们帮助了很多孩子。(现在完成时 ______ )
4. 自从她开始在动物收容所工作以来，她交了很多新朋友。(since引导从句+现在完成时 ______ )
5. 我已经加入足球俱乐部3年了。(be in ______ )
1. 我成为志愿者已经三年了。(用现在完成时 + for ______ )
2. 自从上个月，他们就一直在做社区服务。(since + 过去时间 ______ )
3. 志愿者们帮助了很多孩子。(现在完成时 ______ )
4. 自从她开始在动物收容所工作以来，她交了很多新朋友。(since引导从句+现在完成时 ______ )
5. 我已经加入足球俱乐部3年了。(be in ______ )
答案
1. I have been a volunteer for three years.
2. They have been doing community service since last
month.
3. Volunteers have helped many children.
4. Since she started working at the animal shelter,
she has made many new friends.
5. I have been in the Football Club for three years.
2. They have been doing community service since last
month.
3. Volunteers have helped many children.
4. Since she started working at the animal shelter,
she has made many new friends.
5. I have been in the Football Club for three years.
解析
【分析】
本题考查现在完成时及相关结构的运用，需根据每道题指定的时态、时间状语（for/since）要求，结合主语和动词的正确形式完成翻译：
1. 要求用现在完成时+for+时间段，“成为志愿者”对应be a volunteer，现在完成时结构为have/has+过去分词，主语I用have，时间段是three years，组合成句；
2. 要求用现在完成进行时（表动作持续进行）+since+过去时间，“做社区服务”是do community service，现在完成进行时为have been doing，过去时间是last month，组合成句；
3. 要求用现在完成时，主语Volunteers为复数，谓语help的过去分词是helped，宾语many children，直接组合；
4. 要求since引导从句（用一般过去时）+主句现在完成时，从句“开始在动物收容所工作”是start working at the animal shelter，过去式started，主句“交了很多新朋友”是make many new friends，现在完成时has made，组合成句；
5. 要求用be in+俱乐部+for+时间段，主语I用have，俱乐部是Football Club，时间段three years，组合成句。
【解析】
1. 现在完成时结构为“have/has + 动词过去分词”，“成为志愿者”的动词短语是be a volunteer，其过去分词为been，结合for three years，故译为：I have been a volunteer for three years.
2. 现在完成进行时表动作从过去持续到现在一直在进行，结构为“have/has + been + 动词现在分词”，“做社区服务”是do community service，现在分词doing，结合since last month，故译为：They have been doing community service since last month.
3. 现在完成时结构为“have/has + 动词过去分词”，主语Volunteers为复数，助动词用have，“帮助”的过去分词是helped，宾语many children，故译为：Volunteers have helped many children.
4. since引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时；“开始在动物收容所工作”译为start working at the animal shelter，过去式为started；“交新朋友”是make new friends，过去分词为made，主语she用has，故译为：Since she started working at the animal shelter, she has made many new friends.
5. “加入（俱乐部）”用be in，现在完成时结构为have been in，俱乐部名称是Football Club，结合for three years，故译为：I have been in the Football Club for three years.
【答案】
1. I have been a volunteer for three years.
2. They have been doing community service since last month.
3. Volunteers have helped many children.
4. Since she started working at the animal shelter, she has made many new friends.
5. I have been in the Football Club for three years.
【知识点】
现在完成时、现在完成进行时、for/since的用法
【点评】
本题聚焦现在完成时相关基础结构的应用，涵盖for+时间段、since+过去时间的搭配，以及现在完成时、现在完成进行时的区分，是英语时态模块的核心基础题型，需准确掌握时态构成和时间状语的使用规则。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题考查现在完成时及相关结构的运用，需根据每道题指定的时态、时间状语（for/since）要求，结合主语和动词的正确形式完成翻译：
1. 要求用现在完成时+for+时间段，“成为志愿者”对应be a volunteer，现在完成时结构为have/has+过去分词，主语I用have，时间段是three years，组合成句；
2. 要求用现在完成进行时（表动作持续进行）+since+过去时间，“做社区服务”是do community service，现在完成进行时为have been doing，过去时间是last month，组合成句；
3. 要求用现在完成时，主语Volunteers为复数，谓语help的过去分词是helped，宾语many children，直接组合；
4. 要求since引导从句（用一般过去时）+主句现在完成时，从句“开始在动物收容所工作”是start working at the animal shelter，过去式started，主句“交了很多新朋友”是make many new friends，现在完成时has made，组合成句；
5. 要求用be in+俱乐部+for+时间段，主语I用have，俱乐部是Football Club，时间段three years，组合成句。
【解析】
1. 现在完成时结构为“have/has + 动词过去分词”，“成为志愿者”的动词短语是be a volunteer，其过去分词为been，结合for three years，故译为：I have been a volunteer for three years.
2. 现在完成进行时表动作从过去持续到现在一直在进行，结构为“have/has + been + 动词现在分词”，“做社区服务”是do community service，现在分词doing，结合since last month，故译为：They have been doing community service since last month.
3. 现在完成时结构为“have/has + 动词过去分词”，主语Volunteers为复数，助动词用have，“帮助”的过去分词是helped，宾语many children，故译为：Volunteers have helped many children.
4. since引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时；“开始在动物收容所工作”译为start working at the animal shelter，过去式为started；“交新朋友”是make new friends，过去分词为made，主语she用has，故译为：Since she started working at the animal shelter, she has made many new friends.
5. “加入（俱乐部）”用be in，现在完成时结构为have been in，俱乐部名称是Football Club，结合for three years，故译为：I have been in the Football Club for three years.
【答案】
1. I have been a volunteer for three years.
2. They have been doing community service since last month.
3. Volunteers have helped many children.
4. Since she started working at the animal shelter, she has made many new friends.
5. I have been in the Football Club for three years.
【知识点】
现在完成时、现在完成进行时、for/since的用法
【点评】
本题聚焦现在完成时相关基础结构的应用，涵盖for+时间段、since+过去时间的搭配，以及现在完成时、现在完成进行时的区分，是英语时态模块的核心基础题型，需准确掌握时态构成和时间状语的使用规则。
【难度系数】
0.5
