二、阅读理解。(30分)
A
First Aid Course for Students
Students may have accidents at school. About 400，000 students get hurt in the UK every year. According to the Red Cross，only 25% of students know first aid skills. Most students feel nervous when they face accidents. It's very important for more students to take a first aid course. In this way，they will be prepared when accidents happen. If parents can only teach children one thing about first aid，they should teach them how to stay cool first. Things will get worse if they are too scared.
Although students can learn the 20-hour first aid course online，it is much better to take the face-to-face course. William，a doctor from the Red Cross in the UK，said students must take a face-to-face course for at least 6 hours. Here are three tips from the first aid course.
How to deal with burns
Children should be careful when using fire. If they get burnt，they should cool the burn with running water or ice first. Then put some medicine on it. After that，bandage the burn.
How to deal with small cuts
Clean the cut and put a bandage on it. If the blood doesn't stop，press the cut until it stops. When bleeding stops，put a new clean bandage on it.
How to deal with fracture(骨折)
Don't move the person. Go and look for adults or call 120 for help. Before helpers come，keep talking to the person to cheer him up.
()11. Why should students know first aid skills?
A. They are too scared.
B. They will be prepared when accidents happen.
C. Many students get hurt in the UK every year.
D. First aid course online is easier.
()12. If a child gets cut，what should we do first?
A. Cleaning the cut.
B. Cooling the cut.
C. Bandaging the cut.
D. Putting medicine on the cut.
()13. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To tell the number of first aid course.
B. To introduce the Red Cross.
C. To tell the difficulty of first aid course.
D. To tell the importance of first aid course.

11.B 12.A 13.D

【分析】
这是一篇介绍学生急救课程的应用文阅读理解，解题时可以按照"划题干关键词→回原文定位对应内容→匹配选项排除错误项"的思路完成：
1. 先看第11题，划出关键词"why should students know first aid skills"，回到文章开头段落找学习急救技能的目的相关表述，就能直接对应到原文给出的作用；
2. 第12题划出关键词"gets cut, what to do first"，直接定位到"如何处理小伤口"的板块，找到第一步操作即可选出答案；
3. 第13题是主旨目的题，梳理全文首尾段的核心观点，排除和原文内容无关的错误选项，就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
11. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段"In this way, they will be prepared when accidents happen."，这里的"In this way"指代的就是学生掌握急救技能，说明学习急救技能的意义是在意外发生时做好应对准备。A选项是学生面对意外时的状态，不是学习急救的原因；C选项是背景统计数据，不是学习急救的核心目的；D选项和原文表述不符，因此答案选B。
12. 细节理解题：定位原文"How to deal with small cuts"板块的第一句"Clean the cut and put a bandage on it."，明确说明处理小伤口的第一步是清洁伤口，其余选项都不是第一步操作，因此答案选A。
13. 主旨大意题：全文开篇点明学生在校易发生意外，掌握急救技能的学生占比极低，强调参加急救课程的必要性，后续还补充了急救课程的参与要求和3项实用急救技巧，核心目的是告知读者急救课程的重要性。A选项文中未提及课程数量相关内容；B选项介绍红十字会不是文章核心目的；C选项文中没有提到急救课程的难度，因此答案选D。
【知识点】
细节信息定位，主旨大意归纳，应用文阅读
【点评】
本篇阅读难度较低，所有题目均不需要复杂推理，仅通过原文直接定位就能得到答案，重点考察学生抓取题干关键词、快速检索文本信息的能力，同时也能帮助学生了解基础的日常急救常识，贴合生活实际。
【难度系数】
0.7

B
Almost every day，we discuss the topic of health，especially for kids. But what is health? Health means eating well，getting enough exercise，and having a healthy weight. Let's read the following rules. They can help you stay healthy.
Eat all kinds of food
We all know that eating fruits and vegetables can help us stay healthy，but many of us only eat our favourite food. Remember that we can only get the nutrition(营养)we need by eating different kinds of food，especially fruit and vegetables.
Drink water and milk most often
Everyone knows that water is important. Besides that，kids need enough calcium(钙)to grow strong bones，and milk is rich in it. Every day，you should drink at least three cups of milk，when you are 9 years old or older. You should also try to have less sweet drinks，like soda and coca. They include a lot of sugar. Sugar only includes calories(热量)，not important nutrition.
Listen to your body
When you are eating，notice how your body feels，when your stomach feels comfortably full，stop eating. Eating too much makes you feel uncomfortable. If you do it too often，it can make you unhealthy and fat.
Spend less screen time
What's screen time? It's the time you spend watching TV，movies and playing computer games. The more time you spend on sitting，the less time you spend playing sports，like basketball，and doing other activities like riding and swimming. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.
()14. According to the passage，health means all of the following EXCEPT .
A. eating well
B. getting enough exercise
C. having a lot of screen time
D. having a healthy weight
()15. What does the underlined phrase "listen to your body" mean in the passage?
A. Stop eating when you feel full.
B. Eat as much as you can.
C. Only eat when you are hungry.
D. Check your body temperature often.
()16. What is the result of spending more screen time?
A. You will have more time to play sports.
B. You will have less time for physical activities.
C. You will become smarter.
D. You will sleep better.

14.C 15.A 16.B

【分析】
这是一篇健康主题的说明文阅读理解，三道题均为细节类题型，解题思路非常清晰：首先先明确每道题的题干关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位相关语句，将选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除不符合原文描述的干扰项，即可快速选出正确答案。第14题定位开头对健康的定义部分，第15题定位划线短语所在的段落找后续解释内容，第16题定位最后关于屏幕时间的段落查找相关后果描述即可。
【解析】
14. 细节理解题：原文第一段明确给出健康的定义“Health means eating well，getting enough exercise，and having a healthy weight”，直接对应A、B、D三个选项；而文章最后一条规则明确要求减少屏幕时长，因此“长时间看屏幕”不属于健康的含义，本题选C。
15. 词义猜测题：划线短语所在段落的后续内容明确解释“When you are eating，notice how your body feels，when your stomach feels comfortably full，stop eating”，意思是进食时感知身体感受，有舒适的饱腹感时就停止进食，和A选项描述完全吻合；B选项“尽可能多吃”和原文表意相反，C选项“只有饿的时候才吃”、D选项“经常测量体温”原文均未提及，本题选A。
16. 细节理解题：原文最后一段明确说明“The more time you spend on sitting，the less time you spend playing sports，like basketball，and doing other activities like riding and swimming”，即屏幕时间越长，花在体育活动上的时间就越少，对应B选项；A选项“有更多运动时间”和原文表意相反，C选项“变聪明”、D选项“睡眠更好”原文完全没有相关表述，本题选B。
【答案】
14.C 15.A 16.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，短语语义猜测，健康主题阅读
【点评】
本篇阅读内容贴近学生日常健康生活场景，所有题目答案都可以在原文中直接找到对应依据，没有复杂的推理要求，主要考察学生快速定位文本信息的能力，学生解题时只要耐心回文比对选项和原文内容，就不容易出错。
【难度系数】
0.8