五、短文填空
A(2025·天津)
KEY→P48
范畴:人与自然 主题:地球气候 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 评价:/10
根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使其意思完整。
Today the earth is getting warmer and warmer. But hundreds of years a 1 , people had a different problem—a long cold period! From the 1300s to the 1850s, winters in the northern half of the earth were c 2 and longer than they are now. Scientists c 3 this time the "Little Ice Age(小冰期)".

The colder weather b 4 many serious problems. Plants died of cold and illness spread among people. People had to spend a lot more time collecting wood for fires to keep their houses warm. And sometimes, a h 5 piece of ice would slide down a mountain and destroy some villages.
Scientists think the Little Ice Age was caused by forces(力量) that people could not control. One cause, in their opinion, was the sun. The sun often has "storms" of energy called sunspots(太阳黑子). During the Little Ice Age, there were fewer sunspots than there are t 6 . With fewer sunspots, the sun was giving out less e 7 which made the earth warm. Volcanic eruption(火山爆发) was probably a 8 natural cause. During the Little Ice Age, many volcanoes erupted. Their dust might stop the sun's l 9 and heat from reaching the earth.
Today we are seeing the influences of rising temperature. Scientists think people are causing this change by b 10 a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living.
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短文填空
A
本文主要讲述了地球在历史上经历的"小冰期"现象及其可能的原因,并与当前全球变暖现象进行对比。
1. ago 句意:但几百年前,人们面临一个不同的问题——一个漫长的寒冷时期!由提示字母a可知,填入ago。
2. colder 句意:从14世纪到19世纪50年代,北半球的冬天比现在更寒冷且更漫长。由比较级longer与首字母c可知,填入colder。
3. call 句意:科学家称这个时期为"小冰期"。说明客观事实,用一般现在时;由首字母c可知,填入动词call,用作谓语动词。
4. brought 句意:更寒冷的天气带来了许多严重的问题。"Plants died of cold and illness spread among people."是一般过去时,由此可知,上文对应用一般过去时,故填入brought。
5. huge 句意:有时,一大块冰会从山上滑落并摧毁一些村庄。由提示字母h可知,填入形容词,用于修饰名词piece。
6. today 句意:在小冰期,太阳黑子比现在更少。与During the Little Ice Age形成时间对比,此处需用表示现在的副词。由首字母提示可知,填入today。
7. energy 句意:太阳黑子减少,导致太阳释放的使地球变暖的能量更少。由提示字母e可知,填入名词energy。
8. another 句意:火山爆发可能是另一个自然原因。前文已提及太阳是原因之一,此处应表示另一个原因,由首字母a可知,填入another,表示"另一、又一"。
9. light 句意:火山灰可能会阻挡太阳的光和热量到达地球。与heat并列,填入不可数名词light。
10. burning 句意:科学家认为人类通过燃烧大量煤炭和石油导致了这一变化。by是介词,后接宾语,由提示字母b可知,填入burning。