Ⅲ. 语法填空
For a long time, scientists have known that the universe 1. (fill) with stars. In recent years, thousands of "exoplanets" 2. (discover) by astronomers. These are planets that move around stars, just like the planets in our solar system.
So far, more than 5,000 exoplanets are known to humans. As technology improves, many more exoplanets 3. (find) in the future. Some of them are similar to Earth. They have similar size and temperature, and some are believed to have water on 4. (they) surface.
Scientists study these exoplanets day and night 5. (find) signs of life. 6. we know much about space, we still have a lot to learn. However, it will take many more years to get clear 7. (answer).
We still know little about these faraway planets. Many students show great interest 8. exoplanets. They enjoy 9. (learn) about space. Do you think life will be found on 10. other planet one day?

1. is filled 2. have been discovered 3. will be found 4. their 5. to find
6. Although/Though 7. answers 8. in 9. learning 10. any

【分析】
本题为语法填空题，需结合语境、时态语态、词性变化、固定搭配及连词用法等知识点逐一解题。解题时先通读全文把握大意，再针对每个空格分析句子结构：1空需考虑被动语态和一般现在时；2空结合时间状语用现在完成时被动；3空结合未来时间用一般将来时被动；4空修饰名词用物主代词；5空表目的用不定式；6空前后让步用连词；7空名词复数；8空固定搭配；9空动名词；10空不定代词。
【解析】
1. 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语the universe与fill是被动关系，描述客观事实，故填is filled。
2. 考查现在完成时的被动语态。时间状语in recent years为现在完成时标志，主语exoplanets与discover是被动关系，故填have been discovered。
3. 考查一般将来时的被动语态。时间状语in the future为一般将来时标志，主语exoplanets与find是被动关系，故填will be found。
4. 考查形容词性物主代词。修饰名词surface，需用they的形容词性物主代词their，故填their。
5. 考查动词不定式作目的状语。此处表科学家研究系外行星的目的，故填to find。
6. 考查让步状语从句连词。前后句为让步关系，意为“虽然我们对太空了解多，但仍有很多要学”，故填Although/Though。
7. 考查名词复数。answer为可数名词，此处表泛指的多个答案，故填answers。
8. 考查固定搭配。show interest in是固定短语，意为“对……感兴趣”，故填in。
9. 考查动名词。enjoy doing sth是固定搭配，故填learning。
10. 考查不定代词。any other + 可数名词单数表示“其他任何一个”，用于疑问句，故填any。
【答案】
1. is filled 2. have been discovered 3. will be found 4. their 5. to find 6. Although/Though 7. answers 8. in 9. learning 10. any
【知识点】
被动语态；非谓语动词；固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕系外行星话题，考查基础语法知识，涵盖时态语态、词性转换、连词及固定搭配，语境清晰，考点常见，适合中等水平学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.5

★★★选词填空:用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空(每词限用一次)
weight require cancel rocket life
Space travel has greatly influenced astronauts' daily 1. in many ways. When powerful 2. fly into outer space and leave the Earth's gravity, astronauts will become totally 3. in the spaceship. This special environment is quite different from life on Earth.
All space missions 4. rich knowledge, strict training, and strong will. They are meaningful for human exploration of the universe. We should never 5. valuable space research plans easily. Instead, we should keep studying space science and make greater progress in exploring the unknown world.

1. lives 2. rockets 3. weightless 4. require 5. cancel

【分析】
首先明确方框内单词的词义与词性：weight（名词，重量）、require（动词，需要）、cancel（动词，取消）、rocket（名词，火箭）、life（名词，生活）。再逐个分析空格：1. 第一空需名词，结合“宇航员的日常”语境，life表“生活”，复数概念用lives；2. 第二空需复数名词，对应谓语fly，结合“飞入太空”选rockets；3. 第三空需形容词，结合“离开地球引力”的状态，weight变形容词weightless（失重的）；4. 第四空需谓语动词，复数主语用原形require；5. 第五空需动词原形，结合“不要轻易取消计划”选cancel。
【解析】
1. 第一空：空格前为复数所有格astronauts'和形容词daily，需名词，结合语境“宇航员的日常生活”，life的复数形式为lives，故填lives。
2. 第二空：空格前为形容词powerful，谓语动词fly为原形，主语需复数名词，结合“飞入外太空”的语境，rocket的复数形式为rockets，故填rockets。
3. 第三空：空格前为系动词become，需形容词作表语，结合“离开地球引力”的状态，weight对应的形容词为weightless（失重的），故填weightless。
4. 第四空：空格前主语All space missions为复数，需谓语动词，结合“太空任务需要知识”的语境，require为动词原形，符合一般现在时用法，故填require。
5. 第五空：空格前为情态动词should，需动词原形，结合“不要轻易取消计划”的语境，cancel为动词原形，故填cancel。
【答案】
1. lives 2. rockets 3. weightless 4. require 5. cancel
【知识点】
名词单复数变化、形容词转换、动词适当形式填空
【点评】
本题为选词填空基础题型，考查词汇在语境中的词性与形式变化，需结合句子结构、词义及语法规则作答，注重基础词汇的灵活运用。
【难度系数】
0.6