例题1:(抚顺中考)On a sunny afternoon, I sat on a seat in the park. I could see two racing on their skateboards(滑板). The one in front was laughing and calling to the other to go faster. The one 2 behind seemed angry and hurt. He was trying to follow his elder brother.
1. A. parents B. brothers C. friends D. uncles
解析:B 根据下文“He was trying to follow his elder brother.”可知两个兄弟在进行滑板比赛。此处是原词复现。

B

【分析】先通读短文，找到解题的关键线索：下文提到“his elder brother”，说明两个进行滑板比赛的人是兄弟关系，再分析各选项含义，结合线索即可选出正确答案。
【解析】根据下文“He was trying to follow his elder brother”（他正努力追上他的哥哥），可知两个进行滑板比赛的是兄弟，属于上下文线索的解题依据，对应选项B。
【答案】B
【知识点】完形填空、上下文推理、名词辨析
【点评】本题为中考英语完形填空基础题，通过上下文的关键线索即可快速锁定答案，考查学生对语篇细节的把握能力。
【难度系数】0.7

训练1： (阜新中考)My was on the cover of the programme(节目). "Cindy ... Soloist." I couldn't believe it. It wasn't Judy's name, but my name.
1. A. play B. photo C. note D. name

训练 1 D 【解析】根据下文“It wasn't Judy's name, but my name.”可知节目单上有作者的名字。此处是原词复现。

【分析】通读题干理解语境，后文明确提到“不是Judy的名字，而是我的名字”，说明节目单封面上的内容是“名字”，需结合上下文原词复现的逻辑，逐一分析选项含义后解题。
【解析】根据下文“It wasn't Judy's name, but my name.”可知，节目单封面的是作者的名字，此处为原词复现，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】名词词义辨析；语境理解
【点评】本题为中考基础题型，通过上下文原词复现即可快速得出答案，考查学生对语境的把握能力。
【难度系数】0.6

训练2：（陕西中考）Then they found a great for you—Ms Sullivan. With great patience, she showed and taught you that there was a word to describe every object and idea.
2. A. cleaner B. worker C. teacher D. driver

训练 2 C 【解析】根据下文“she showed and taught you that there was a word to describe every object and idea”可知Ms Sullivan 是老师。此处是同源词复现。

【分析】首先阅读题干，抓住后文关键信息“showed and taught”（展示和教导），这一行为对应的职业是老师，再逐一分析选项：A.清洁工、B.工人、C.老师、D.司机，只有老师符合教导的行为，据此可确定答案。
【解析】根据题干中“she showed and taught you that there was a word to describe every object and idea”可知，Ms Sullivan的行为是教导，对应职业为老师。选项中只有teacher（老师）符合语境，其他选项cleaner（清洁工）、worker（工人）、driver（司机）均不符合，因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】名词词义辨析，语境理解
【点评】本题通过上下文的行为线索判断职业，属于基础的英语词义辨析题，难度较低，学生只需抓住关键动词即可解题。
【难度系数】0.8

例题2:(日照中考)In a moment of panic(惊慌), I asked for sick leave. It was such a(n) 8 way out and I was totally in relief(轻松).
8. A. hard B. easy C. silly D. painful
解析:B 根据空后"I was totally in relief"可知作者松了一口气,由此可知请病假的方式让作者感到轻松。relief 和 easy 是近义词。

B

【分析】首先通读句子理解语境：在惊慌时请病假，这是怎样的出路，我完全松了一口气。后文的“in relief（松了一口气）”说明该请假方式让作者感到轻松，结合选项词义逐一判断即可。
【解析】根据空格后“I was totally in relief（我完全松了一口气）”可知，作者认为请病假是一种轻松的解决办法。结合选项词义：A.hard（困难的）、B.easy（容易的）、C.silly（愚蠢的）、D.painful（痛苦的），只有B项符合语境，故选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】完形填空、形容词辨析
【点评】本题考查完形填空中的语境理解与形容词词义辨析，需结合上下文逻辑关系判断合适的形容词，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

训练3：（本溪中考）When we meet problems, we blame(指责) other people and other things without thinking twice.
8. A. happily B. politely C. hardly D. quickly

训练 3 D 【解析】根据空后“without thinking twice(不假思索)”可知遇到问题会很快责怪其他人和事情。without thinking twice 和 quickly 是近义词。

【分析】本题为英语副词词义辨析题，解题思路：首先理解句子语境，明确空格处需填入修饰动词blame的副词；再结合句中关键提示词“without thinking twice（不假思索）”，分析各选项副词的含义，筛选出与提示词语义匹配的选项，最终确定答案。
【解析】根据句中“without thinking twice（不假思索）”可知，此处表达遇到问题时会快速地指责他人或事，需选择表“快速地”的副词。A项happily意为“开心地”，B项politely意为“礼貌地”，C项hardly意为“几乎不”，均不符合语境；D项quickly意为“快速地”，与“without thinking twice”语义呼应，符合要求。
【答案】D
【知识点】副词词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】本题结合中考题型特点，考查副词在具体语境中的运用，需准确把握各副词含义及上下文提示，属于基础词义辨析题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5

训练4: （绍兴中考）People are praising(赞扬) Samelyn Lafuente highly 10 because she tried hard to make sure of the happiness of the young students, even if it meant 11 everything out of her own pocket. The teacher said that almost all the decorations in her 12 special classroom were bought with her own money, but seeing the 13 happiness in the children's eyes every day makes it all worth it.
11. A. looking through B. picking up C. turning down D. paying for

训练 4 D 【解析】looking through 浏览；picking up 捡起；turning down 拒绝；paying for 付钱。根据下文“The teacher said that almost all the decorations in her 12 special classroom were bought with her own money”可知老师自掏腰包买东西。bought 和 paying for 是同义词。

【分析】本题为英语完形填空的词义辨析题，解题时需先梳理上下文语境，明确空格处的语义需求，再逐一分析选项短语的含义，最后结合原文关键信息确定答案。空格所在句意为“即使这意味着她要自掏腰包______所有东西”，需找与“支付”相关的短语。
【解析】逐一分析选项：A. looking through意为“浏览”；B. picking up意为“捡起、（用车）接、学会”；C. turning down意为“拒绝、调小”；D. paying for意为“支付、为……付钱”。结合下文“almost all the decorations in her special classroom were bought with her own money”可知，老师用自己的钱购买装饰，“bought（买）”与“paying for（支付）”语义对应，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】完形填空词义辨析；短语搭配
【点评】本题考查语境下的短语词义辨析，需结合上下文线索判断，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3