2026年暑假作业本大象出版社八年级英语人教版第78页答案
四、根据汉语意思翻译下列句子,每空一词。
1. 他们一直决心保护当地的河流。结果,现在它比五年前干净多了。
They have been
determined
to
protect
the local river.
As
a
result
,it is much cleaner now than it was five years ago.
2. 我的家乡曾因是一个污染严重的工业城市而被熟知,但为了改善当地的生活状况,人们近年来付出了巨大努力。
My hometown
was
known
as
an industrial city with heavy pollution, but to
improve
local
lives
,people have made great efforts in recent years.
3. 在过去的20年里,大多数村庄都从公共交通的发展中受益。
Most villages
have
benefited
from
the development of public transportation over the last 20 years.
4. 我们的社区过去非常拥挤,但随着生活条件的改善,我们对未来更有信心了。
Our neighbourhood
used
to
be very crowded, but as the living conditions have improved, we have become
more
confident
in
the future.
5. 过去的几年里,在政府的支持下,我们在改善公共卫生体系方面一起取得的成就令人惊叹。
With
the
government's
support
,it is amazing how much we
have
achieved
together in improving the public health system over the past few years.

答案

1. determined to protect; As a result 2. was known as; improve local lives 3. have benefited from 4. used to; more confident in 5. With the government's support; have achieved

解析

【分析】
本题为根据汉语意思补全英文句子的题型,核心考查英语常用固定短语搭配、动词时态及介词短语的运用。解题时需先明确每个句子的汉语语义,匹配对应的英文固定表达,再结合句子时态(如现在完成时、一般过去时等)和结构要求,确保每个空的内容符合语义和语法,最终补全完整句子。
【解析】
1. 第一句:“决心做某事”对应固定搭配be determined to do sth,故前三个空填determined to protect;“结果”对应固定短语As a result,故后三个空填As a result。
2. 第二句:“因…被熟知”对应be known as,主语为单数hometown,结合语境用一般过去时,故前三个空填was known as;“改善当地的生活状况”对应improve local lives,故后三个空填improve local lives。
3. 第三句:“从…中受益”对应benefit from,时间状语over the last 20 years需用现在完成时,故填have benefited from。
4. 第四句:“过去常常做某事”对应used to do sth,故前两个空填used to;“对…更有信心”对应be more confident in,故后三个空填more confident in。
5. 第五句:“在政府的支持下”对应介词短语With the government's support;“取得成就”对应achieve,结合时间状语over the past few years用现在完成时,故填have achieved。
【答案】
1. determined to protect; As a result 2. was known as; improve local lives 3. have benefited from 4. used to; more confident in 5. With the government's support; have achieved
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、动词时态、介词短语
【点评】
本题聚焦英语基础常用表达的运用,需学生积累常见短语,同时准确判断句子时态,整体侧重基础知识点的掌握,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
五、根据要求完成下列各题,每空一词。
1. The two friends visited the Great Wall together two years ago.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
Did
the two friends
visit
the Great Wall together two years ago?
—No,
they
didn't
.
2. The government has built thousands of kilometres of railways and highways.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
Has
the government
built
thousands of kilometres of railways and highways?
—Yes,
it
has
.
3. With the new roads, reaching his hometown takes only three hours.(改为同义句)
With the new roads,
it
takes
only three hours
to
reach
his hometown.
4. My grandma enjoys listening to audio books because she can't see well.(对画线部分提问)
Why
does
your
grandma
enjoy
listening to audio books?
5. The road used to be narrow and dirty.(对画线部分提问)
How
did
the road
use
to
?

答案

1. Did; visit; they didn't 2. Has; built; it has 3. it takes; to reach 4. Why does your; enjoy 5. How did; use to be

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语基础句型转换,需根据不同时态和句式特点,掌握一般疑问句、同义句、特殊疑问句的转换规则。解题思路:1. 一般过去时改一般疑问句借助助动词Did,动词还原,否定回答对应主语和助动词;2. 现在完成时改一般疑问句将助动词Has提前,肯定回答对应主语和助动词;3. 同义句转换需运用固定结构it takes sb some time to do sth;4. 对原因提问用Why,注意助动词和物主代词的变化;5. 对描述特征的表语提问用How,结合一般过去时的助动词用法。
【解析】
1. 原句为一般过去时,改一般疑问句需用助动词Did,后面动词用原形visit;否定回答中主语用they指代the two friends,助动词否定形式为didn't,故填Did; visit; they didn't。
2. 原句为现在完成时,助动词是Has,改一般疑问句将Has提前,后面动词built不变;肯定回答用it指代the government,助动词用has,故填Has; built; it has。
3. 同义句转换对应结构it takes sb some time to do sth,表达“到达家乡只需三小时”,故填it takes; to reach。
4. 画线部分是原因,用Why提问;原句主语是My grandma,第三人称单数,一般现在时,助动词用does,my改为your,后面动词用原形enjoy,故填Why does your; enjoy。
5. 画线部分描述道路特征,用How提问;原句为一般过去时,助动词用did,后面动词用原形use,故填How did; use to be。
【答案】
1. Did; visit; they didn't 2. Has; built; it has 3. it takes; to reach 4. Why does your; enjoy 5. How did; use to be
【知识点】
一般疑问句转换、同义句转换、特殊疑问句转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语核心基础题型,涵盖不同时态的疑问句转换、同义句替换及特殊疑问句提问,考查学生对英语句式变化规则的掌握程度,是语法应用的重点内容。
【难度系数】
0.6