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used, for example, “All that glitters(发光) isn't 10. g
His works tell us what it means to be human. Topics such as love, kindness and friendship are always important, no matter which century we live in.
So, what’s your opinion? Should we update Shakespeare’s works to make them easier, or keep them original to respect his genius?
阅读方法指导
辨认语篇关键信息
获取语篇关键信息主要考查学生在语篇内寻找信息和辨认信息的能力。在英语阅读试题中，对获取语篇关键信息能力的考查主要有：通过抓支撑词来获取语篇细节信息，通过抓衔接短语辨认信息。
一、抓支撑词，辨认细节信息
支撑词指的是为正确选项提供支撑信息的词，抓住这一类词可以捕捉语篇中的细节信息。
例:Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floor swept. With smart devices(装置) controlled by AI, all housework can be done while you are asleep.
What can the smart devices do?
A.Farming.
B.Business.
C.Housework.
D.Schoolwork.
【解析】 C。此题运用了无中生有的干扰项设置方法。虽然A、B、D三个干扰项按照常识都是可以接受的，但原文中提到的是 all housework，而这三个干扰项在原文中并没有相关的信息支撑点。正确选项是C。
gold
.”His works tell us what it means to be human. Topics such as love, kindness and friendship are always important, no matter which century we live in.
So, what’s your opinion? Should we update Shakespeare’s works to make them easier, or keep them original to respect his genius?
阅读方法指导
辨认语篇关键信息
获取语篇关键信息主要考查学生在语篇内寻找信息和辨认信息的能力。在英语阅读试题中，对获取语篇关键信息能力的考查主要有：通过抓支撑词来获取语篇细节信息，通过抓衔接短语辨认信息。
一、抓支撑词，辨认细节信息
支撑词指的是为正确选项提供支撑信息的词，抓住这一类词可以捕捉语篇中的细节信息。
例:Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floor swept. With smart devices(装置) controlled by AI, all housework can be done while you are asleep.
What can the smart devices do?
A.Farming.
B.Business.
C.Housework.
D.Schoolwork.
【解析】 C。此题运用了无中生有的干扰项设置方法。虽然A、B、D三个干扰项按照常识都是可以接受的，但原文中提到的是 all housework，而这三个干扰项在原文中并没有相关的信息支撑点。正确选项是C。
答案
10. gold
解析
【分析】本题为英语词汇填空题，需结合首字母提示和经典英语谚语进行解答。首先观察句子结构和语境，该句是固定英语谚语的一部分，回忆该谚语的完整表达，再匹配首字母g确定空缺单词。
【解析】根据首字母提示g及固定英语谚语“All that glitters is not gold”（闪光的未必都是金子），可知空缺处应填名词gold，符合谚语语义和首字母要求。
【答案】gold
【知识点】英语谚语、词汇运用
【点评】本题考查常见英语谚语的积累与运用，结合首字母提示即可快速得出答案，属于基础难度的词汇题。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】根据首字母提示g及固定英语谚语“All that glitters is not gold”（闪光的未必都是金子），可知空缺处应填名词gold，符合谚语语义和首字母要求。
【答案】gold
【知识点】英语谚语、词汇运用
【点评】本题考查常见英语谚语的积累与运用，结合首字母提示即可快速得出答案，属于基础难度的词汇题。
【难度系数】0.7
二、抓衔接短语，辨认主旨信息
衔接短语是指语篇中具有承前启后作用的短语，具有转折、因果、对比、举例、总结等功能。
例: In some countries, people think yawning(打哈欠) is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. In other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in. When they breathe out, they think that bad things go out of the body with the air.
What is the main idea of this paragraph?
A.Reasons for yawning.
B.Advantages of yawning.
C.Disadvantages of yawning.
D.Different ideas about yawning.
【解析】 D。A与文本无关，属于无中生有的干扰项，B和C虽文本中有提及，但该段并不是谈论打哈欠的优点或缺点，属于错误联想的干扰项。依据 In some countries 和 In other countries 这两个具有举例功能的衔接短语以及表达观点的词 people think，可以得出答案为 D，这一段谈论的是不同人对打哈欠这一行为的看法。
衔接短语是指语篇中具有承前启后作用的短语，具有转折、因果、对比、举例、总结等功能。
例: In some countries, people think yawning(打哈欠) is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. In other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in. When they breathe out, they think that bad things go out of the body with the air.
What is the main idea of this paragraph?
A.Reasons for yawning.
B.Advantages of yawning.
C.Disadvantages of yawning.
D.Different ideas about yawning.
【解析】 D。A与文本无关，属于无中生有的干扰项，B和C虽文本中有提及，但该段并不是谈论打哈欠的优点或缺点，属于错误联想的干扰项。依据 In some countries 和 In other countries 这两个具有举例功能的衔接短语以及表达观点的词 people think，可以得出答案为 D，这一段谈论的是不同人对打哈欠这一行为的看法。
答案
D
解析
【分析】解答此类主旨大意题，需重点关注语篇中的衔接短语，通过衔接短语梳理核心信息。本题中，衔接短语“In some countries”和“In other countries”起到对比作用，引出不同国家的人对打哈欠的不同看法，结合选项逐一排除干扰项即可得出答案。
【解析】段落通过对比类衔接短语“In some countries”和“In other countries”，分别阐述了不同国家的人对打哈欠的两种不同观点：部分国家认为打哈欠不礼貌，需用手遮挡；部分国家认为打哈欠有益健康。A选项“打哈欠的原因”在文中未提及，属于无中生有；B选项“打哈欠的优点”、C选项“打哈欠的缺点”仅对应部分国家的看法，并非段落主旨。因此正确答案为D。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语阅读理解主旨大意、衔接短语的功能
【点评】本题考查利用衔接短语把握语篇主旨的解题方法，需准确识别对比类衔接短语引出的核心内容，排除片面或无关选项，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3
【解析】段落通过对比类衔接短语“In some countries”和“In other countries”，分别阐述了不同国家的人对打哈欠的两种不同观点：部分国家认为打哈欠不礼貌，需用手遮挡；部分国家认为打哈欠有益健康。A选项“打哈欠的原因”在文中未提及，属于无中生有；B选项“打哈欠的优点”、C选项“打哈欠的缺点”仅对应部分国家的看法，并非段落主旨。因此正确答案为D。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语阅读理解主旨大意、衔接短语的功能
【点评】本题考查利用衔接短语把握语篇主旨的解题方法，需准确识别对比类衔接短语引出的核心内容，排除片面或无关选项，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3
一、抓支撑词，辨认细节信息
支撑词指的是为正确选项提供支撑信息的词，抓住这一类词可以捕捉语篇中的细节信息。
例:Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floor swept. With smart devices(装置) controlled by AI, all housework can be done while you are asleep.
What can the smart devices do?
A. Farming.
B. Business.
C. Housework.
D. Schoolwork.
【解析】 C。此题运用了无中生有的干扰项设置方法。虽
练一练
In the Spring and Autumn period (770 - 476 BC) there lived a man called Ji Zha. He was the fourth son of the king of the Kingdom of Wu. Because of Ji Zha's sticking to righteousness(正义) and wide learning, he was his father's favorite, and the king wanted to make him his heir(继承人). However, Ji Zha refused because he thought the king's eldest son should be the one to receive the throne. Later, Ji Zha served as an ambassador(外交大臣) of Wu to other kingdoms in China.
Once, on a mission to the Kingdom of Lu, Ji Zha passed through the Kingdom of Xu. The king of Xu received him as a friend, and admired the valuable sword(剑) Ji Zha was wearing. Although his host didn't mention it, Ji Zha could see he wanted to own it very much. However, as he still needed to go to Lu, Ji Zha didn't give the king of Xu his sword as a present.
After finishing his mission to Lu, on his way back, Ji Zha once again passed through Xu. This time he decided to give the sword to the king of Xu. But when he arrived, his friend had already passed away. Ji Zha didn't expect it and felt very sad. He took off his sword and gave it to the dead man by hanging it on a tree near his tomb(坟墓).
Ji Zha's attendants(随从) didn't understand his action, saying, "Sir, the king of Xu is already dead. Why do you still give up your sword to him?"
Ji Zha shook his head, "When I came to the Kingdom of Xu last time, I noticed that my friend admired my sword, and I decided that when I came back I would give it to him. However, I never expected this turn of events. But how could I change my mind just because the man had died?" With these words, he left the place, low-spirited and heart-broken.
1. What do we know about Ji Zha from the passage?
A. He was born in 476 BC.
B. He didn't have the ability to be a king.
C. He was a careful and generous man.
D. He lost his fight for the throne to his brother.
2. Why did Ji Zha give up his sword to the king of Xu although he had died?
A. He was loyal to his country.
B. He was loyal to righteousness.
C. He was guilty of his friend's death.
D. He was guilty of not seeing his friend before his death.
3. What is the best title of this story?
A. Ji Zha and His Friend
B. Ji Zha and His Country
C. Ji Zha Gives Up His Throne
D. Ji Zha Gives Up His Sword
支撑词指的是为正确选项提供支撑信息的词，抓住这一类词可以捕捉语篇中的细节信息。
例:Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floor swept. With smart devices(装置) controlled by AI, all housework can be done while you are asleep.
What can the smart devices do?
A. Farming.
B. Business.
C. Housework.
D. Schoolwork.
【解析】 C。此题运用了无中生有的干扰项设置方法。虽
练一练
In the Spring and Autumn period (770 - 476 BC) there lived a man called Ji Zha. He was the fourth son of the king of the Kingdom of Wu. Because of Ji Zha's sticking to righteousness(正义) and wide learning, he was his father's favorite, and the king wanted to make him his heir(继承人). However, Ji Zha refused because he thought the king's eldest son should be the one to receive the throne. Later, Ji Zha served as an ambassador(外交大臣) of Wu to other kingdoms in China.
Once, on a mission to the Kingdom of Lu, Ji Zha passed through the Kingdom of Xu. The king of Xu received him as a friend, and admired the valuable sword(剑) Ji Zha was wearing. Although his host didn't mention it, Ji Zha could see he wanted to own it very much. However, as he still needed to go to Lu, Ji Zha didn't give the king of Xu his sword as a present.
After finishing his mission to Lu, on his way back, Ji Zha once again passed through Xu. This time he decided to give the sword to the king of Xu. But when he arrived, his friend had already passed away. Ji Zha didn't expect it and felt very sad. He took off his sword and gave it to the dead man by hanging it on a tree near his tomb(坟墓).
Ji Zha's attendants(随从) didn't understand his action, saying, "Sir, the king of Xu is already dead. Why do you still give up your sword to him?"
Ji Zha shook his head, "When I came to the Kingdom of Xu last time, I noticed that my friend admired my sword, and I decided that when I came back I would give it to him. However, I never expected this turn of events. But how could I change my mind just because the man had died?" With these words, he left the place, low-spirited and heart-broken.
1. What do we know about Ji Zha from the passage?
A. He was born in 476 BC.
B. He didn't have the ability to be a king.
C. He was a careful and generous man.
D. He lost his fight for the throne to his brother.
2. Why did Ji Zha give up his sword to the king of Xu although he had died?
A. He was loyal to his country.
B. He was loyal to righteousness.
C. He was guilty of his friend's death.
D. He was guilty of not seeing his friend before his death.
3. What is the best title of this story?
A. Ji Zha and His Friend
B. Ji Zha and His Country
C. Ji Zha Gives Up His Throne
D. Ji Zha Gives Up His Sword
答案
1. C 2. B 3. D
解析
【分析】
本题为人物故事类阅读理解，解题思路为：1. 针对细节题（第1、2题），需抓住题干中的支撑词（如第1题的“Ji Zha”、第2题的“give up his sword to the king of Xu”），定位原文对应段落，逐一比对选项与原文信息，排除与原文不符或无中生有的选项；2. 针对主旨题（第3题），需提炼全文核心事件，排除偏离核心的选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：A选项，原文明确春秋时期为770-476 BC，季札是该时期人物，并非出生于476 BC，排除；B选项，原文提到季札因坚守正义、学识广博是吴王的最爱，吴王欲立其为继承人，说明他有能力继承王位，排除；C选项，季札注意到徐君想要自己的剑，完成出使任务后特意返回赠剑，体现其细心且慷慨，符合原文，当选；D选项，季札拒绝王位是主动让给长兄，并非失去王位，排除。故答案为C。
2. 第2题：季札的原话“我决定回来时给他，怎能因他去世就改变主意”，体现他坚守承诺、重义守信的品质，对应B选项“忠诚于正义（坚守承诺）”；A选项“忠诚国家”与题干原因无关，C选项“愧疚徐君之死”、D选项“愧疚未在徐君死前见面”原文均未提及，排除。故答案为B。
3. 第3题：全文围绕季札答应赠徐君宝剑，徐君去世后仍将剑挂在其墓前的核心事件展开，体现其重信重义的品质。A选项“季札和他的朋友”过于宽泛，未突出核心事件；B选项“季札和他的国家”偏离核心；C选项“季札放弃王位”仅为开头提及的细节，非全文核心；D选项“季札赠剑”精准概括核心事件，当选。故答案为D。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、阅读理解主旨大意、人物故事类阅读
【点评】
本题选取经典历史人物故事，侧重考查学生的细节定位能力和主旨归纳能力，解题关键是依托原文信息，避免主观臆断，是初中英语阅读理解的常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为人物故事类阅读理解，解题思路为：1. 针对细节题（第1、2题），需抓住题干中的支撑词（如第1题的“Ji Zha”、第2题的“give up his sword to the king of Xu”），定位原文对应段落，逐一比对选项与原文信息，排除与原文不符或无中生有的选项；2. 针对主旨题（第3题），需提炼全文核心事件，排除偏离核心的选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：A选项，原文明确春秋时期为770-476 BC，季札是该时期人物，并非出生于476 BC，排除；B选项，原文提到季札因坚守正义、学识广博是吴王的最爱，吴王欲立其为继承人，说明他有能力继承王位，排除；C选项，季札注意到徐君想要自己的剑，完成出使任务后特意返回赠剑，体现其细心且慷慨，符合原文，当选；D选项，季札拒绝王位是主动让给长兄，并非失去王位，排除。故答案为C。
2. 第2题：季札的原话“我决定回来时给他，怎能因他去世就改变主意”，体现他坚守承诺、重义守信的品质，对应B选项“忠诚于正义（坚守承诺）”；A选项“忠诚国家”与题干原因无关，C选项“愧疚徐君之死”、D选项“愧疚未在徐君死前见面”原文均未提及，排除。故答案为B。
3. 第3题：全文围绕季札答应赠徐君宝剑，徐君去世后仍将剑挂在其墓前的核心事件展开，体现其重信重义的品质。A选项“季札和他的朋友”过于宽泛，未突出核心事件；B选项“季札和他的国家”偏离核心；C选项“季札放弃王位”仅为开头提及的细节，非全文核心；D选项“季札赠剑”精准概括核心事件，当选。故答案为D。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、阅读理解主旨大意、人物故事类阅读
【点评】
本题选取经典历史人物故事，侧重考查学生的细节定位能力和主旨归纳能力，解题关键是依托原文信息，避免主观臆断，是初中英语阅读理解的常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
