五、完形填空。
Everyone likes a person with good manners. But 1 are good manners? How do we know what we should do and should not do when trying to be a good-mannered person?
Well, here are some examples. A person with good manners says “2” when he asks for something. When he gets something, he says “thank you”. He never 3 people in trouble. Instead, he always helps the others in need. He waits for his turn in line and never 4. He follows the rules when he plays a game. He does not talk when others are talking. He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. If he is 5, he will say “I'm sorry.”
()1. A. what
B. how
C. where
()2. A. sorry
B. please
C. all right
()3. A. listens to
B. laughs at
C. looks at
()4. A. falls down
B. cuts himself
C. jumps a queue
()5. A. late
B. tired
C. happy

1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A

【分析】
这是一篇围绕“良好礼仪”主题的基础完形填空题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍有礼貌的人的常见行为准则。之后逐空结合上下文语境、生活常识和选项的词义差异逐一排除错误选项：第一空后文紧接着解释好礼仪的具体表现，对应要选询问事物属性的疑问词；第二空结合“索要某物”的日常交际场景判断对应礼貌用语；第三空结合“不伤害身处困境的人”的语境匹配负面不礼貌行为的短语；第四空结合前文“排队等候轮到自己”的提示，选出对应的违规不文明行为；第五空结合“需要道歉”的场景匹配选项，就能快速得出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：后文围绕“好礼仪的具体内容”展开说明，句意为“但是什么是好礼仪？”，A选项what（什么）符合语义；B选项how（如何）表行为方式，C选项where（哪里）表地点，均不符合语境，因此选A。
2. 第2题：句意为“有礼貌的人在索要某物的时候会说‘请’”，B选项please（请）是索要物品时的标准礼貌用语；A选项sorry（对不起）用于致歉场景，C选项all right（好吧）用于表达同意，均不符合索要物品的场景，因此选B。
3. 第3题：句意为“他从不嘲笑身处困境的人”，B选项laughs at（嘲笑）符合“不做出伤害他人的不礼貌行为”的描述；A选项listens to（倾听）、C选项looks at（注视）都不属于负面不礼貌行为，不符合语境，因此选B。
4. 第4题：前文提到“他排队等候轮到自己”，对应的反面不文明行为是插队，C选项jumps a queue（插队）符合排队规则的相关描述；A选项falls down（摔倒）、B选项cuts himself（割伤自己）都和排队秩序无关，因此选C。
5. 第5题：后文提到“他会说对不起”，对应的符合致歉逻辑的场景是迟到，A选项late（迟到）符合致歉场景；B选项tired（疲惫的）、C选项happy（开心的）都不属于需要向他人致歉的情况，因此选A。
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A
【知识点】疑问词辨析；情景交际；短语辨析
【点评】本题属于低难度的生活化完形填空，主题贴合学生日常文明礼仪常识，考察的都是中小学阶段核心基础词汇和日常交际用语，没有复杂长难句，结合生活常识就可以顺利完成，适合巩固基础交际类知识点。
【难度系数】0.9

六、阅读短文，回答问题。
There's a popular saying—good habits start early. Here is the list of good habits that students should have.
• Eat healthily.
A good and healthy diet is very important. Children must be encouraged to eat fresh food and avoid fatty and sugary snacks(高脂肪和含糖零食).
• Sleep on time.
Having enough sleep is helpful for students' study. They should sleep for ten hours a day. Get up early and do not stay up late.
• Say “please” and “thank you”.
“Please” and “thank you” are magical words. They can make you handle your work more easily.
• Play outdoors.
Playing is just as important as working. Students should spend at least 1 to 1.5 hours on physical activities every day.
• Do the cleaning every day.
Students should tidy their own rooms every day. Living in a clean room can make them happy and learn well.
1. What should students eat to keep healthy?

2. How long should a student sleep a day?

3. How many good habits are mentioned?

4. [知识运用题]Tim's room is messy and dirty. What should he do? Why?

1. They should eat fresh food. 2. For ten hours. 3. Five. 4. He should tidy his own room every day. Because living in a clean room can make him happy and learn well.

【分析】
这是一篇基础信息类英语阅读简答题，解题思路非常清晰：首先通读全文明确文章介绍的学生需要养成的好习惯，再逐个对应每道题的关键词，回到原文定位对应的段落内容，直接提取匹配的信息即可作答，第4道场景运用题只需要结合最后一个好习惯的相关描述，整合做法和原因就能完成解答。
【解析】
我们逐题对应原文查找信息：
1. 第一题关键词为"eat to keep healthy"，定位到原文"Eat healthily"板块，文中明确提到要鼓励孩子吃新鲜食物、避免高糖高脂零食，直接提取对应内容即可得到答案。
2. 第二题关键词为"sleep how long a day"，定位到原文"Sleep on time"板块，原文直接给出"They should sleep for ten hours a day."，提取对应时长即可。
3. 数文中带项目符号的好习惯条目，分别是健康饮食、按时睡觉、使用礼貌用语、户外玩耍、每日打扫，一共5个，即可得出答案。
4. 第四题场景对应最后一个"Do the cleaning every day"板块的内容，提取文中给出的做法和对应的原因，结合Tim的情况整理表述即可。
【答案】
1. They should eat fresh food.
2. For ten hours.
3. Five.
4. He should tidy his own room every day. Because living in a clean room can make him happy and learn well.
【知识点】
英语阅读细节定位，文本信息提取，阅读简答作答
【点评】
本题属于低难度的阅读基础题，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文中找到对应内容，仅最后一道知识运用题需要简单结合场景整合原文信息，主要考察学生快速定位文本关键信息的能力，适合小学中高年级的英语阅读巩固训练，只要认真对照原文内容就不容易出错。
【难度系数】
0.9