1. —Hi, Jim! What's that on the desk?
—It's eraser. And eraser is mine.

A.an; an
B.the; the
C.the; an
D.an; the

1.D

【分析】做这道题时，先分析第一个空：答语表示“一块橡皮”，是泛指数量“一”，且eraser以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an；再分析第二个空：此处指代上文提到的那块特定的橡皮，需用定冠词the，结合选项即可选出答案。
【解析】第一空：泛指“一块橡皮”，且eraser发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an；第二空：特指前文提到的那块橡皮，用定冠词the，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】不定冠词an的用法、定冠词the的用法、冠词的泛指与特指
【点评】本题考查初中英语冠词的基础用法，核心是区分泛指和特指的冠词选择，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7

2. There only one Earth but billions of (数十亿) people in the world, so we should protect the Earth.

A.have
B.has
C.is
D.are

2.C

【分析】本题考查there be句型的用法，首先需明确there be句型表示“某地存在某物”，不能与表示“所属”的have/has连用，据此排除A、B选项；其次，there be句型的主谓一致遵循“就近原则”，be动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定，本句中离be动词最近的是单数名词“one Earth”，因此be动词用单数形式is，据此选出正确选项。
【解析】there be句型用于表达“存在有”，不能与have/has（表所属）搭配，故先排除A、B；根据there be的就近原则，be动词形式由邻近主语“one Earth”（单数）决定，故用is，答案选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】there be句型、就近原则
【点评】本题为英语基础语法题，核心考查there be句型的基本规则与主谓一致的就近原则，是初中英语的常考知识点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.4

3. —What does the word “” mean?
—It refers to people who are in the same family as you.

A.masters
B.relatives
C.e-friends
D.classmates

3.B

【分析】本题考查名词词义辨析，解题思路是：先理解答语的含义（指和你同一家族的人），再逐一分析选项单词的词义，找到与答语匹配的单词即可。
【解析】首先，题干答语“It refers to people who are in the same family as you.”意为“它指的是和你同一家族的人”，需要选择表示“亲属”的名词。逐一分析选项：A选项masters意为“主人；大师”，不符合语境；B选项relatives意为“亲戚；亲属”，符合答语描述；C选项e-friends意为“网友”，D选项classmates意为“同学”，均不符合语境。因此答案为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】名词词义辨析；语境理解
【点评】本题是基础的名词词义辨析题，结合答语的语境即可快速选出正确答案，属于易得分题。
【难度系数】0.8

4. It me 2 hours to buy a birthday present for Amy. And the present me 19 yuan.

A.takes; spends
B.costs; takes
C.spends; costs
D.takes; costs

4.D

【分析】首先明确英语中表示“花费”的三个常用动词take、spend、cost的用法区别：①take的常用句型为It takes sb +时间+to do sth，主语通常是形式主语it，真正主语是后面的不定式；②spend的主语必须是人，搭配为spend+时间/金钱+on sth/(in) doing sth；③cost的主语是物，搭配为sth costs sb +金钱。本题第一空符合take的固定句型，第二空主语为物需用cost，结合选项即可得出答案。
【解析】本题考查“花费”类动词的用法辨析。第一步，分析第一空：句子结构为It + 动词 + sb + 时间 + to do sth，这是take的固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，因此第一空填takes，排除B、C选项；第二步，分析第二空：句子主语是the present（物），表示“某物花费某人多少钱”，需用cost，而spend的主语必须是人，因此排除A选项；综上，答案为D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词用法辨析，固定句型（It takes sb st to do sth）
【点评】本题是初中英语的基础考点，聚焦易混动词的用法辨析，只要牢记take、spend、cost的主语和搭配差异即可解答，属于易得分题。
【难度系数】0.6

5. You to the party this evening if you have something important to do.

A.don't need come
B.don't need coming
C.needn't come
D.needn't to come

5.C

【分析】本题考查need的两种词性用法，需明确：need作为情态动词时，否定式为needn't，后接动词原形；作为实义动词时，否定式为don't/doesn't need，后接动词不定式to do。据此逐一分析选项即可得出答案。
【解析】1. 分析need的词性：①情态动词need：无人称和数的变化，否定形式是needn't，后接动词原形，因此C选项needn't come符合用法，D选项needn't后多了to，错误；②实义动词need：否定形式需借助助动词don't，后接to do不定式，A选项don't need后直接加动词原形come，B选项don't need后加coming，均不符合用法，错误。综上，正确答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词用法、实义动词用法
【点评】本题聚焦need的两种词性的核心用法，是初中英语的基础语法考点，区分情态动词与实义动词的结构差异是解题关键，整体难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7

6. David managed the difficult job all by himself in time. He was so excellent!

A.finish
B.to finish
C.finished
D.finishes

6.B

【分析】本题考查动词manage的固定用法，解题思路是回忆manage的常用搭配：manage to do sth.（设法做成某事），需接动词不定式作宾语，据此判断选项。
【解析】“manage to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“设法完成某事”，此处需用动词不定式作manage的宾语。选项A为动词原形，C为过去式，D为第三人称单数形式，均不符合该搭配要求；选项B为动词不定式，符合要求，因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础动词短语搭配，属于初中英语常考知识点，难度较低，只要牢记固定搭配即可选出正确答案。
【难度系数】0.9

7. As long as you are doing the right thing, what others think or say doesn't .

A.choose
B.start
C.agree
D.matter

7.D

【分析】首先理解句子含义：只要你在做正确的事，别人的想法或言论并不重要。接着分析各选项词义：A.choose意为“选择”，B.start意为“开始”，C.agree意为“同意”，D.matter意为“要紧、重要”。结合语境，只有D项符合“不重要”的表达需求。
【解析】先翻译句子：只要你在做正确的事，别人的想法或说的话并不重要。逐一分析选项：A.choose不符合句意；B.start不符合句意；C.agree不符合句意；D.matter的常用表达“doesn't matter”意为“不重要”，契合语境，故选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查基础动词的词义辨析，需结合句子语境判断合适的动词，属于英语基础词汇题，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.3

8. —Would you like milk in your coffee?
—Yes, just .

A.some; a little
B.any; a few
C.any; a little
D.some; a few

8.A

【分析】
解题分两步：1. 第一空：Would you like...是委婉请求/建议的句型，这类疑问句需用some表希望得到肯定回答，不用any，据此排除B、C；2. 第二空：milk是不可数名词，a little修饰不可数名词，a few修饰可数名词复数，故此处用a little，排除D，确定答案。
【解析】
1. 第一空：“Would you like...?”表委婉请求，需用some而非any，排除B、C选项；
2. 第二空：milk为不可数名词，a little修饰不可数名词，a few修饰可数名词复数，因此此处用a little，排除D选项；
综上，答案为A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
不定代词用法、可数/不可数名词修饰词
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础不定代词的用法，核心是掌握some在委婉请求句中的特殊用法，以及a little与a few的修饰对象区别，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.6

9. 跨学科 数学 What do we know from the card?
THE BOAT RESTAURANT


A.Dinner time lasts five hours.
B.Chinese chicken and rice is 5.90.
C.You can have roast chicken and potatoes for five dollars.
D.You need to pay 12.5 for German sausages and chips and roast chicken and potatoes.

9.D

【分析】这是一道结合英语信息提取与数学计算的跨学科题目，需对照菜单的菜品价格、供应时间等信息，逐一分析每个选项的正误，找到正确答案。
【解析】逐一分析选项：
1. 选项A：晚餐供应时间是17:30-21:30，时长为21时30分-17时30分=4小时，并非5小时，A错误。
2. 选项B：菜单中鸡肉米饭是Thai（泰国）的，不是Chinese（中国）的，B错误。
3. 选项C：Roast chicken and potatoes的价格是6.00，不是5美元，C错误。4. 选项D：German sausages and chips价格为6.50，Roast chicken and potatoes价格为6.00，两者总价为6.50+6.00=12.5，D正确。
【答案】D
【知识点】信息提取、小数加法
【点评】本题考查信息的准确提取与简单运算，需仔细核对菜单细节，避免看错时间、菜品或价格，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5

10. —Could you please help me carry this heavy box to the second floor?
—. Just let me put down my bag first.
A. Never mind B. Of course
C. You're right D. Good idea

B

【分析】首先明确对话场景为请求帮助搬重物，需结合语境选择合适的应答语。先梳理各选项含义：A项“Never mind”用于回应道歉，意为“没关系”；B项“Of course”用于同意请求，意为“当然”；C项“You're right”用于赞同观点，意为“你是对的”；D项“Good idea”用于赞同提议，意为“好主意”。结合答句“先放下包”可知是同意帮忙，据此筛选答案。
【解析】上文是请求帮忙搬箱子，下文“先放下包”表明同意请求。逐一分析选项：A项不符合请求应答场景；B项符合同意请求的语境；C项用于赞同观点，不匹配；D项用于赞同提议，不匹配。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【点评】本题考查日常情景交际中请求帮助的应答用语，属于基础题型，需掌握常用交际用语的使用场景。
【难度系数】0.8

Ⅱ. 完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
Charlotte Liebling calls herself a “world watcher”. That means she watches the 1 around her. Here's an example: Liebling volunteered in a 2. It sold second-hand goods(商品). Some of these were soft toys.
When the toys were sold very 3, Liebling always felt sad because she could tell that the toys held great value(价值) for their first owners. After doing some research, she realized this wasn't happening 4 in her town. In the whole world, millions of toys 5 in landfills(垃圾场) every year.
“If we can change the idea that soft toys lose their 6 once the owners give them away,” she thought, “then we can show people they have so much left in them.” That's how the Loved Before toy-adoption (玩具领养) service 7.
The whole process has three steps. First, someone donates a soft toy. People can do so through the mail, or by 8 a toy to a local point in the United Kingdom. Next, the owner writes down the name of the toy and a story about it 9 the buyers can understand its value. Finally, the toy is 10 carefully for safety reasons.
The Loved Before donates at least half of the money from every pound earned by selling 11. “The company's goal is more than just trying to 12 some toys from landfills,” Liebling says. “We believe there are enough soft toys in the world and we don't have to 13 another one again.”
Vickie Clarke posted her story on the website. “I saw Vinnie on Loved Before and was lucky enough to buy 14. I have quite a stressful job and he now sits on my desk, making me smile every hour of my working day. I feel much 15 than before. Thank you, Loved Before!”
1. A. world B. teenagers
C. buildings D. villages
2. A. park B. hospital
C. store D. school
3. A. cheaply B. quietly
C. early D. differently
4. A. away B. still
C. only D. once
5. A. try out B. give up
C. clear out D. end up
6. A. value B. hope
C. money D. luck
7. A. stopped B. changed
C. started D. performed
8. A. lending B. hiding
C. comparing D. taking
9. A. since B. so
C. as D. though
10. A. painted B. played
C. cleaned D. tested
11. A. names B. toys
C. markets D. stories
12. A. save B. protect
C. spread D. check
13. A. leave B. use
C. send D. make
14. A. it B. her
C. him D. them
15. A. happier B. friendlier
C. busier D. healthier

Ⅱ. 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Liebling建立了一个公司，不仅仅是回收那些二手玩具，也希望教会人们再次认识到二手玩具的价值。
1. A 解析：由“world watcher”可知，Charlotte Liebling 观察周围的世界。故选 A。
2. C 解析：由“It sold second-hand goods.”可知，她在商店里当志愿者。故选 C。
3. A 解析：由上文的“second-hand goods”以及下文“felt sad”可知，二手玩具卖得很便宜。故选 A。
4. C 解析：由“… in her town. In the whole world …”可知，这不仅仅发生在她的镇上，全世界都存在这样的现象。故选 C。
5. D 解析：try out 试验；give up 放弃；clear out 清理；end up +介词短语最终……。由上下文可知，因为二手玩具的价值不被看见，卖得很便宜，最终被扔进垃圾场，end up 符合语境。故选 D。
6. A 解析：由下文“then we can show people they have so much left in them”可知，她想让人们觉得二手玩具被送走后仍然有价值(value)。故选 A。
7. C 解析：由上文可知，上文介绍了 Liebling 二手玩具领养服务的背景。正是为了让人们认识到二手玩具的价值，从而不轻易抛弃二手玩具，二手玩具领养服务才开始的。started 符合语境。故选 C。
8. D 解析：由“People can do so through the mail, or by … a toy to a local point in the United Kingdom.”可知，人们要捐赠玩具，要么邮寄要么亲自带到某个地点，taking 符合语境。故选 D。
9. B 解析：句意：接下来，主人写下玩具的名字和关于它的故事，因此买家就能了解它的价值。根据句意可知，此处表示因果关系中的结果。故选 B。
10. C 解析：由“for safety reasons”可知，玩具要仔细清洁。故选 C。
11. B 解析：由上下文可知，Loved Before 公司的业务围绕玩具展开，说明这个公司卖玩具。故选 B。
12. A 解析：由“some toys from landfills”可知，这些玩具本来要被扔进垃圾场，Loved Before 拯救了这些玩具。故选 A。
13. D 解析：由上文“there are enough soft toys in the world”可知，世界上有足够多的毛绒玩具，因此不用再生产另一个毛绒玩具。故选 D。
14. C 解析：由下文“and he now sits on my desk”可知，应用 him 来指代 Vinnie。故选 C。
15. A 解析：由上文“I have quite a stressful job … of my working day.”可知，她以前觉得压力很大，而现在每天微笑，应该是感到更快乐。故选 A。

【分析】
这是一篇记叙文类完形填空，解题思路如下：1. 先通读全文把握主旨：Charlotte Liebling作为“世界观察者”，发现二手玩具被低价售卖甚至丢弃的问题，创立Loved Before玩具领养服务解决该问题；2. 逐个分析小题，结合上下文提示词、词义辨析、逻辑关系（如因果、指代）等确定答案，比如第1题对应“world watcher”选world，第2题对应“sold second-hand goods”选store，注意每个空的前后语境线索。
【解析】
1. A 解析：由前文“world watcher（世界观察者）”可知，Charlotte观察周围的世界，故选A。
2. C 解析：由后文“It sold second-hand goods（它卖二手商品）”可知，她在一家商店做志愿者，故选C。
3. A 解析：结合前文“second-hand goods”及后文“Liebling always felt sad”可知，二手玩具卖得很便宜，故选A。
4. C 解析：由后文“In the whole world, millions of toys...”可知，这种现象“不仅仅”发生在她的镇上，故选C。
5. D 解析：try out（试验）、give up（放弃）、clear out（清理）、end up（最终处于），结合语境，二手玩具最终被扔进垃圾场，end up符合，故选D。
6. A 解析：由后文“then we can show people they have so much left in them”可知，她想改变“二手玩具被送走后就失去价值”的观念，故选A。
7. C 解析：上文介绍了创立该服务的背景，因此Loved Before玩具领养服务“开始”了，started符合，故选C。
8. D 解析：人们捐赠玩具的方式是邮寄或“带到”当地的收集点，taking符合语境，故选D。
9. B 解析：句意：主人写下玩具的名字和故事，“因此”买家能了解它的价值，此处表因果结果，故选B。
10. C 解析：由“for safety reasons（出于安全考虑）”可知，玩具要被仔细清洁，故选C。
11. B 解析：该公司的业务围绕玩具展开，卖的是玩具，故选B。
12. A 解析：这些玩具本来要被扔进垃圾场，该公司是在“拯救”这些玩具，save符合，故选A。
13. D 解析：前文提到“世界上有足够多的毛绒玩具”，因此不用再“制造”新的，make符合，故选D。
14. C 解析：由后文“and he now sits on my desk”可知，指代玩具Vinnie用him，故选C。
15. A 解析：前文提到“我有压力很大的工作”，现在玩具让我微笑，因此感觉更快乐，happier符合，故选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.A
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇词义辨析、上下文逻辑推理
【点评】
本文是贴近生活的记叙文，讲述Charlotte Liebling创立二手玩具领养服务的公益故事，考察学生对语境、词汇及逻辑关系的把握，难度适中，有助于学生积累词汇并理解公益主题。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅲ. 阅读理解(每小题2分,共22分)
A
Italy's Lake Como area has started selling a special gift—canned air. This idea has surprised a lot of people. Lying in the north of Italy, Lake Como has been used as the setting for many films and as a place for weddings. For visitors who want to buy a gift to remember their trips, they can now give up the usual keyrings or silk scarves and get a more special gift instead.
An Italian company says it has put the air from Lake Como into cans and is selling these cans for 9.90 euros each. Each can has 400 ml of “100% real air” collected from Lake Como.
To make use of the growing number of visitors, a marketing expert first made a website to sell special Lake Como posters. Then he came up with the idea of selling canned air. He hoped to “make a gift that can be easily carried in a suitcase for tourists” and “something new, fun and even a bit exciting.”
Not everyone liked the idea. Como's mayor (市长) said the canned air wouldn't be his favourite recommendation for tourists. He'd rather they took home other gifts. He said, “It's a new idea, but not for everyone. However, as the mayor of this beautiful city, if someone wants to take some of the air home, that's okay as long as they also take nice memories of this area.”
1. How much should a tourist pay if he wants two cans of Lake Como air?
A. 4.95 euros. B. 9.90 euros.
C. 19.80 euros. D. 29.70 euros.
2. What is the marketing expert's purpose of selling canned air?
A. To make a better-known website.
B. To make a special and creative gift.
C. To make his posters more popular.
D. To make the air in the area fresher.
3. What did the mayor think of the canned air?
A. He thought it was the best gift for tourists.
B. He recommended buying it as well as other gifts
C. He was strongly against the idea of selling it.
D. He thought that other gifts were better than it.
4. In which part of a newspaper can we probably find the passage?
A. Travel. B. Sport.
C. Technology. D. Environment.

1-4 CBDA

【分析】
这是一篇关于意大利科莫湖售卖罐装空气的英语阅读理解题，共4道小题，涵盖细节理解与主旨判断类题型。解题时需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，提取关键信息后匹配选项：第1题需计算两罐空气的总价，第2题找营销专家的售卖目的，第3题找市长对罐装空气的看法，第4题判断文章所属报纸板块。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文章第二段“An Italian company says it has put the air from Lake Como into cans and is selling these cans for 9.90 euros each”可知，每罐罐装空气售价9.90欧元，两罐总价为9.90×2=19.80欧元，对应选项C。
2. 第2题：根据文章第三段“He hoped to ‘make a gift that can be easily carried in a suitcase for tourists’ and ‘something new, fun and even a bit exciting’”可知，营销专家的目的是打造特别且有创意的礼物，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：根据文章第四段“the canned air wouldn't be his favourite recommendation for tourists. He'd rather they took home other gifts”可知，市长认为其他礼物比罐装空气更好，对应选项D。
4. 第4题：文章围绕意大利科莫湖的旅游相关创意产品展开，属于旅游类内容，因此可在报纸的旅游板块找到，对应选项A。
【答案】
CBDA
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨判断
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解常规题型，主要考查学生快速定位原文关键信息的能力，难度适中，只要仔细阅读原文对应段落即可选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7