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八、阅读理解
Some places in nature hold so much water that the ground there is almost always wet. These special places are called wetlands.
The Everglades is an area of beautiful wetlands in southern Florida. Many kinds of waterbirds such as wood storks and mammals such as bobcats live in the Everglades. A number of reptiles live there, too.
The Everglades area is an ecosystem. Ecosystems are places where living things exist with non-living things, such as water and soil. Everything in an ecosystem affects everything else. If something new is brought into the ecosystem, it may cause problems.
Change caused by humans brought big problems to the Everglades. As more people moved to Florida, new homes and businesses were needed. Because the Everglades area was large and beautiful, people thought it might be a good place to build. The ground, however, was too wet. In order to build homes, people drained water from some of the wet ground.
Taking water out of the Everglades caused many problems. Animals that ate water plants and small fish had a hard time finding food. The wood stork and other waterbirds began dying. People worried that this special place would be lost forever.
Today, a part of the Everglades is a national park. The law protects animals and plants there. Homes and businesses cannot be built inside the Everglades National Park. Because it is now protected as a park, part of the Everglades will be beautiful wetlands for many years to come.
1. What is special about the Everglades?
A. It is an area of wetlands. B. It is in a desert.
C. It has only trees. D. It is a city in Florida.
2. According to the passage, what can we know about an ecosystem?
A. All ecosystems are exactly the same.
B. It can only survive with human help.
C. Changes in one part affect the whole system.
D. Plants are more important than animals there.
3. The underlined word "drained" in Paragraph 4 means "".
A. gave out B. looked for C. used up D. took away
4. How is the Everglades protected today?
A. By developing business. B. By making part of it a national park.
C. By closing it down to all visitors. D. By allowing people to build homes.
Some places in nature hold so much water that the ground there is almost always wet. These special places are called wetlands.
The Everglades is an area of beautiful wetlands in southern Florida. Many kinds of waterbirds such as wood storks and mammals such as bobcats live in the Everglades. A number of reptiles live there, too.
The Everglades area is an ecosystem. Ecosystems are places where living things exist with non-living things, such as water and soil. Everything in an ecosystem affects everything else. If something new is brought into the ecosystem, it may cause problems.
Change caused by humans brought big problems to the Everglades. As more people moved to Florida, new homes and businesses were needed. Because the Everglades area was large and beautiful, people thought it might be a good place to build. The ground, however, was too wet. In order to build homes, people drained water from some of the wet ground.
Taking water out of the Everglades caused many problems. Animals that ate water plants and small fish had a hard time finding food. The wood stork and other waterbirds began dying. People worried that this special place would be lost forever.
Today, a part of the Everglades is a national park. The law protects animals and plants there. Homes and businesses cannot be built inside the Everglades National Park. Because it is now protected as a park, part of the Everglades will be beautiful wetlands for many years to come.
1. What is special about the Everglades?
A. It is an area of wetlands. B. It is in a desert.
C. It has only trees. D. It is a city in Florida.
2. According to the passage, what can we know about an ecosystem?
A. All ecosystems are exactly the same.
B. It can only survive with human help.
C. Changes in one part affect the whole system.
D. Plants are more important than animals there.
3. The underlined word "drained" in Paragraph 4 means "".
A. gave out B. looked for C. used up D. took away
4. How is the Everglades protected today?
A. By developing business. B. By making part of it a national park.
C. By closing it down to all visitors. D. By allowing people to build homes.
答案
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B
解析
【分析】
本题为阅读理解题，共4道选择题，需结合原文内容逐一分析选项：1题需定位大沼泽地的属性；2题需找出生态系统的特点；3题需结合上下文猜测词义；4题需定位现代保护措施，均需从原文找对应依据。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第二段第一句“The Everglades is an area of beautiful wetlands in southern Florida”，可知大沼泽地是一片湿地，对应选项A；B选项“在沙漠”、C选项“只有树”、D选项“佛罗里达的城市”均与原文不符，故选A。
2. 第2题：原文第三段明确指出“Everything in an ecosystem affects everything else”，即生态系统中各部分相互影响，对应选项C；A选项“所有生态系统完全相同”、B选项“只能靠人类帮助生存”、D选项“植物比动物重要”均不符合原文，故选C。
3. 第3题：第四段提到人们为建房从湿地“drained water”，第五段开头“Taking water out of the Everglades caused many problems”，可知“drained”意为“took away（带走，排走）”，对应选项D；A选项“分发”、B选项“寻找”、C选项“用完”均不符合语境，故选D。
4. 第4题：原文第六段说明“Today, a part of the Everglades is a national park. The law protects animals and plants there”，即通过设立国家公园进行保护，对应选项B；A选项“发展商业”、C选项“关闭所有游客”、D选项“允许建房”均与保护措施相悖，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、词义猜测题
【点评】
本题围绕大沼泽地的生态及保护展开，考查学生的阅读理解细节定位、词义猜测能力，题目难度适中，需学生仔细研读原文，准确匹配选项与原文信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为阅读理解题，共4道选择题，需结合原文内容逐一分析选项：1题需定位大沼泽地的属性；2题需找出生态系统的特点；3题需结合上下文猜测词义；4题需定位现代保护措施，均需从原文找对应依据。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第二段第一句“The Everglades is an area of beautiful wetlands in southern Florida”，可知大沼泽地是一片湿地，对应选项A；B选项“在沙漠”、C选项“只有树”、D选项“佛罗里达的城市”均与原文不符，故选A。
2. 第2题：原文第三段明确指出“Everything in an ecosystem affects everything else”，即生态系统中各部分相互影响，对应选项C；A选项“所有生态系统完全相同”、B选项“只能靠人类帮助生存”、D选项“植物比动物重要”均不符合原文，故选C。
3. 第3题：第四段提到人们为建房从湿地“drained water”，第五段开头“Taking water out of the Everglades caused many problems”，可知“drained”意为“took away（带走，排走）”，对应选项D；A选项“分发”、B选项“寻找”、C选项“用完”均不符合语境，故选D。
4. 第4题：原文第六段说明“Today, a part of the Everglades is a national park. The law protects animals and plants there”，即通过设立国家公园进行保护，对应选项B；A选项“发展商业”、C选项“关闭所有游客”、D选项“允许建房”均与保护措施相悖，故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、词义猜测题
【点评】
本题围绕大沼泽地的生态及保护展开，考查学生的阅读理解细节定位、词义猜测能力，题目难度适中，需学生仔细研读原文，准确匹配选项与原文信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
