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四、阅读理解。
A)请阅读下面短文,根据短文内容从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The UN has decided that 2025 is the International Year of Glacier Preservation(冰川保护). It has also set 21 March 2025 as the first annual(年度的) World Day for Glaciers. This way, it encourages everyone to help save glaciers.
① You can imagine them as slowly moving ice and snow on land. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped(塑造) mountains and valleys over Earth's history. They are still moving and changing land in many places today.
② Glaciers are not just important for land. When glaciers melt(融化), the nutrients(养料) from the water are good for life in lakes, rivers, and oceans. In some places, glaciers provide water for people and animals. Glaciers cover 10% of the land and hold 70% of the fresh water on earth. In areas like the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉), many people need glacier water to live. The water fills big rivers, such as the Indus River, the Ganges River, and the Yarlung Zangbo River.
③ Climate change is leading to serious problems for glaciers. Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost 90% of its glaciers since the mid-19th century. If temperatures rise by 1.5 °C to 4 °C, glaciers could lose a lot of their mass(质量) by 2100.
④ If glaciers disappear, there will be less water to drink and farm, and floods may happen more often because of melting ice. It will also be bad for animals and plants. As temperatures rise and glaciers melt, mountains with glaciers won't be fit for living. Animals may need to move higher up the mountains.
()1. Why did the UN set 2025 as the International Year of Glacier Preservation?
A. To call on people to save glaciers.
B. To celebrate the beauty of glaciers.
C. To introduce the history of glaciers.
D. To show the importance of glacier water.
()2. Match the following topic sentences with Paragraphs 2—5.
a. What will happen when glaciers disappear?
b. What are glaciers?
c. Why are glaciers disappearing?
d. Why are glaciers important?
A. ①—b, ②—a, ③—c, ④—d
B. ①—b, ②—d, ③—c, ④—a
C. ①—a, ②—c, ③—d, ④—b
D. ①—a, ②—b, ③—d, ④—c
()3. What will happen if glaciers disappear according to the passage?
A. There will be fewer floods.
B. Some animals and plants may die out.
C. There will be more fresh water on earth.
D. Animals in the Himalayas will move to lower areas.
A)请阅读下面短文,根据短文内容从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The UN has decided that 2025 is the International Year of Glacier Preservation(冰川保护). It has also set 21 March 2025 as the first annual(年度的) World Day for Glaciers. This way, it encourages everyone to help save glaciers.
① You can imagine them as slowly moving ice and snow on land. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped(塑造) mountains and valleys over Earth's history. They are still moving and changing land in many places today.
② Glaciers are not just important for land. When glaciers melt(融化), the nutrients(养料) from the water are good for life in lakes, rivers, and oceans. In some places, glaciers provide water for people and animals. Glaciers cover 10% of the land and hold 70% of the fresh water on earth. In areas like the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉), many people need glacier water to live. The water fills big rivers, such as the Indus River, the Ganges River, and the Yarlung Zangbo River.
③ Climate change is leading to serious problems for glaciers. Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost 90% of its glaciers since the mid-19th century. If temperatures rise by 1.5 °C to 4 °C, glaciers could lose a lot of their mass(质量) by 2100.
④ If glaciers disappear, there will be less water to drink and farm, and floods may happen more often because of melting ice. It will also be bad for animals and plants. As temperatures rise and glaciers melt, mountains with glaciers won't be fit for living. Animals may need to move higher up the mountains.
()1. Why did the UN set 2025 as the International Year of Glacier Preservation?
A. To call on people to save glaciers.
B. To celebrate the beauty of glaciers.
C. To introduce the history of glaciers.
D. To show the importance of glacier water.
()2. Match the following topic sentences with Paragraphs 2—5.
a. What will happen when glaciers disappear?
b. What are glaciers?
c. Why are glaciers disappearing?
d. Why are glaciers important?
A. ①—b, ②—a, ③—c, ④—d
B. ①—b, ②—d, ③—c, ④—a
C. ①—a, ②—c, ③—d, ④—b
D. ①—a, ②—b, ③—d, ④—c
()3. What will happen if glaciers disappear according to the passage?
A. There will be fewer floods.
B. Some animals and plants may die out.
C. There will be more fresh water on earth.
D. Animals in the Himalayas will move to lower areas.
答案
1.A 2.B 3.B
解析
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“This way, it encourages everyone to help save glaciers.”可知联合国设立2025年为国际冰川保护年的目的是号召人们拯救冰川，B、C、D选项的内容均未在原文对应位置体现，因此选A。
2. 段落匹配题。第一处空格后的内容介绍了冰川的定义、形成过程以及对地貌的塑造作用，对应主题句b“什么是冰川”；第二处空格后的内容从生态、淡水供给等角度介绍了冰川的重要性，对应主题句d“冰川为什么很重要”；第三处空格后的内容介绍了气候变化等导致冰川消融消失的原因，对应主题句c“冰川为什么正在消失”；第四处空格后的内容介绍了冰川消失后会带来的各类负面影响，对应主题句a“冰川消失后会发生什么”，因此匹配结果为①—b, ②—d, ③—c, ④—a。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知：冰川消失后洪水会更频发，A错误；冰川消失会对动植物造成危害，适宜生存的区域减少，部分动植物可能灭绝，B正确；冰川储存了地球上70%的淡水资源，冰川消失不会带来更多淡水，C错误；气温升高冰川消融后，生活在有冰川的山地的动物需要向海拔更高的区域迁移，而非更低区域，D错误。
2. 段落匹配题。第一处空格后的内容介绍了冰川的定义、形成过程以及对地貌的塑造作用，对应主题句b“什么是冰川”；第二处空格后的内容从生态、淡水供给等角度介绍了冰川的重要性，对应主题句d“冰川为什么很重要”；第三处空格后的内容介绍了气候变化等导致冰川消融消失的原因，对应主题句c“冰川为什么正在消失”；第四处空格后的内容介绍了冰川消失后会带来的各类负面影响，对应主题句a“冰川消失后会发生什么”，因此匹配结果为①—b, ②—d, ③—c, ④—a。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知：冰川消失后洪水会更频发，A错误；冰川消失会对动植物造成危害，适宜生存的区域减少，部分动植物可能灭绝，B正确；冰川储存了地球上70%的淡水资源，冰川消失不会带来更多淡水，C错误；气温升高冰川消融后，生活在有冰川的山地的动物需要向海拔更高的区域迁移，而非更低区域，D错误。
