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① In English, the given names come first and the family names come last. Family names are also called last names. Westerners(西方人) get their family names in different ways.
② Some family names such as Smith and Cook are all about a person's job. Take John Smith, for example. Here "Smith" means the name of a job as well as Miller and Fisher.
③ Some Westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does the famous painter Leonardo da Vinci.
④ Some family names are from colours. For example, the family name Black means "the black colour" and White means "the white colour". Larry Brown, a famous basketball player in America, also gets his family name from colours.
⑤ Other family names are from the name of a parent. For example, "David's son" becomes Davidson, and "Peter's son" becomes Peterson.
⑥ It's really interesting about the last names, right? What does your last name mean? Let's find more on the internet.
任务一 阅读理解
1. What is the family name "Smith" about in the passage?
A. A place name.
B. A colour.
C. A job.
D. A name of a parent.
2. Where might Leonardo da Vinci's family live a long time ago(以前) according to his name?
A. In New York.
B. In Sydney.
C. In Paris.
D. In Vinci.
3. In how many ways do Westerners get family names according to the passage?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Two.
4.（创新考法·篇章结构）What's the structure（结构）of the passage?
A.
任务二 回答问题(答案不超过6个词)
1. What does "Cook" tell about ancestors?
2. What did ancestors of "Bush" live near?
3. How do some get family names from colours?
4. What does "Davidson" mean?
5.（创新考法·开放性设问）Should everyone have a family name? Why?
② Some family names such as Smith and Cook are all about a person's job. Take John Smith, for example. Here "Smith" means the name of a job as well as Miller and Fisher.
③ Some Westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does the famous painter Leonardo da Vinci.
④ Some family names are from colours. For example, the family name Black means "the black colour" and White means "the white colour". Larry Brown, a famous basketball player in America, also gets his family name from colours.
⑤ Other family names are from the name of a parent. For example, "David's son" becomes Davidson, and "Peter's son" becomes Peterson.
⑥ It's really interesting about the last names, right? What does your last name mean? Let's find more on the internet.
任务一 阅读理解
1. What is the family name "Smith" about in the passage?
A. A place name.
B. A colour.
C. A job.
D. A name of a parent.
2. Where might Leonardo da Vinci's family live a long time ago(以前) according to his name?
A. In New York.
B. In Sydney.
C. In Paris.
D. In Vinci.
3. In how many ways do Westerners get family names according to the passage?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Two.
4.（创新考法·篇章结构）What's the structure（结构）of the passage?
A.
任务二 回答问题(答案不超过6个词)
1. What does "Cook" tell about ancestors?
Their job.
2. What did ancestors of "Bush" live near?
Bushes.
3. How do some get family names from colours?
By using colour words.
4. What does "Davidson" mean?
David's son.
5.（创新考法·开放性设问）Should everyone have a family name? Why?
Yes, because it shows family history.(言之有理即可)
答案
任务一
1. C
2. D 推理判断题。根据“Some Westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does the famous painter Leonardo da Vinci.”可知，他们可能生活在芬奇。
3. B
4. A 篇章结构题。分析全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二段至第五段分别叙述了四个获得姓氏的途径；第六段为总结。
方法归纳
阅读理解之篇章结构题
常见的篇章结构模式有“总—分—总”结构、“总—分”结构、“分—总”结构等。学生在解题时要先通读全文，把握文章的大意和主题。然后，注意识别关键信息，如主题句、连接词和过渡句。接着，我们需要仔细分析每个选项，判断其与文章段落的结构是否相符，并注意排除与文章结构明显不符的选项。最后，我们需要结合上下文来理解文章和段落的结构，不要孤立地看待某个段落或句子。
任务二
1. Their job.
2. Bushes.
3. By using colour words.
4. David's son.
5. Yes, because it shows family history.
（言之有理即可）
1. C
2. D 推理判断题。根据“Some Westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does the famous painter Leonardo da Vinci.”可知，他们可能生活在芬奇。
3. B
4. A 篇章结构题。分析全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二段至第五段分别叙述了四个获得姓氏的途径；第六段为总结。
方法归纳
阅读理解之篇章结构题
常见的篇章结构模式有“总—分—总”结构、“总—分”结构、“分—总”结构等。学生在解题时要先通读全文，把握文章的大意和主题。然后，注意识别关键信息，如主题句、连接词和过渡句。接着，我们需要仔细分析每个选项，判断其与文章段落的结构是否相符，并注意排除与文章结构明显不符的选项。最后，我们需要结合上下文来理解文章和段落的结构，不要孤立地看待某个段落或句子。
任务二
1. Their job.
2. Bushes.
3. By using colour words.
4. David's son.
5. Yes, because it shows family history.
（言之有理即可）
