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五、阅读短文，完成下列任务
What do black holes look like? Human beings have wanted to find out for a long time. Several years ago, we finally got the answer: They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
Scientists took the world’s first photo of a black hole in 2019. Scientists didn’t use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes（射电望远镜）in different places around the world. The telescopes got signals from the black hole. Scientists used computers to process the signals. It took them about two years to get the final picture.
The black hole is very far from the earth—about 55 million light-years away. One light-year is the distance that light travels in one year. One light-year is about 9 trillion kilometres.
This is not the only black hole in the universe. Actually, scientists believe every large galaxy（星系）has a big black hole at its centre. The one in our galaxy is called Sagittarius A.
Black holes are some of the most mysterious things in the universe. This photo can help us learn more about them.
任务一:根据文章内容,选择最佳选项。
（）23. What do black holes look like?
A. Dark holes with a bright centre.
B. Many black circles inside each other.
C. Black holes with colourful rings in the centre.
D. Dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
（）24. How did the scientists collect the signals about the black hole?
A. By a camera.
B. By a computer.
C. By telescopes.
D. By radios.
（）25. How long did it take the scientists to get the final picture of the black hole?
A. About nine months.
B. About two years.
C. About two months.
D. About one year.
（）26. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Scientists took a lot of pictures of the black holes.
B. The black holes are not very far from the earth.
C. The picture of the black holes can help us learn a lot about them.
D. Sagittarius A is the only black hole in the universe.
任务二:根据文章内容,判断句子正(T)误(F)。
（）27. The first photo of a black hole was taken in 2019.
（）28. Scientists used a special camera to take the picture of the black hole.
（）29. The black hole in the photo is very close to the earth.
（）30. There is only one black hole in the whole universe.
任务三:根据文章内容,回答下列问题。
31. How did scientists get the picture of the black hole? (Answer within 20 words)
What do black holes look like? Human beings have wanted to find out for a long time. Several years ago, we finally got the answer: They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
Scientists took the world’s first photo of a black hole in 2019. Scientists didn’t use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes（射电望远镜）in different places around the world. The telescopes got signals from the black hole. Scientists used computers to process the signals. It took them about two years to get the final picture.
The black hole is very far from the earth—about 55 million light-years away. One light-year is the distance that light travels in one year. One light-year is about 9 trillion kilometres.
This is not the only black hole in the universe. Actually, scientists believe every large galaxy（星系）has a big black hole at its centre. The one in our galaxy is called Sagittarius A.
Black holes are some of the most mysterious things in the universe. This photo can help us learn more about them.
任务一:根据文章内容,选择最佳选项。
（）23. What do black holes look like?
A. Dark holes with a bright centre.
B. Many black circles inside each other.
C. Black holes with colourful rings in the centre.
D. Dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.
（）24. How did the scientists collect the signals about the black hole?
A. By a camera.
B. By a computer.
C. By telescopes.
D. By radios.
（）25. How long did it take the scientists to get the final picture of the black hole?
A. About nine months.
B. About two years.
C. About two months.
D. About one year.
（）26. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Scientists took a lot of pictures of the black holes.
B. The black holes are not very far from the earth.
C. The picture of the black holes can help us learn a lot about them.
D. Sagittarius A is the only black hole in the universe.
任务二:根据文章内容,判断句子正(T)误(F)。
（）27. The first photo of a black hole was taken in 2019.
（）28. Scientists used a special camera to take the picture of the black hole.
（）29. The black hole in the photo is very close to the earth.
（）30. There is only one black hole in the whole universe.
任务三:根据文章内容,回答下列问题。
31. How did scientists get the picture of the black hole? (Answer within 20 words)
答案
23.D 24.C 25.B 26.C 27—30 TFFF
31. They used eight radio telescopes to get the signals and used computers to process them.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
31. They used eight radio telescopes to get the signals and used computers to process them.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
解析
【分析】
做这类英语阅读理解题，需先明确题目类型，带着问题回到原文定位对应信息，逐一比对选项或原文内容，确保答案与原文一致。选择题和判断题侧重细节定位，简答题需提炼关键信息且符合字数要求。
【解析】
任务一：
23题：定位原文第一段最后一句“They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.”，对应选项D，其余选项均不符合原文描述。
24题：定位原文第二段“They used eight radio telescopes... The telescopes got signals from the black hole.”，可知通过望远镜收集信号，选C，其余选项错误。
25题：定位原文第二段最后一句“It took them about two years to get the final picture.”，选B，其余时间不符。
26题：A选项原文是“首张照片”而非“很多照片”，错误；B选项原文提到黑洞离地球很远，错误；C选项原文最后一段说明照片能帮助了解黑洞，正确；D选项原文提到黑洞不是唯一的，错误，选C。
任务二：
27题：原文第二段明确2019年拍了首张黑洞照片，故为T。
28题：原文提到没使用相机，故为F。
29题：原文说黑洞离地球约5500万光年，很远，故为F。
30题：原文提到黑洞不是宇宙中唯一的，故为F。
任务三：结合原文关键信息，提炼为：They used eight radio telescopes to get signals and computers to process them.（符合字数要求）
【答案】
23.D 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.T 28.F 29.F 30.F 31. They used eight radio telescopes to get signals and computers to process them.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解题，信息提取题
【点评】
本文围绕黑洞首张照片展开，考查学生快速定位原文细节的能力，题目多为基础细节题，难度适中，仔细阅读原文即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类英语阅读理解题，需先明确题目类型，带着问题回到原文定位对应信息，逐一比对选项或原文内容，确保答案与原文一致。选择题和判断题侧重细节定位，简答题需提炼关键信息且符合字数要求。
【解析】
任务一：
23题：定位原文第一段最后一句“They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.”，对应选项D，其余选项均不符合原文描述。
24题：定位原文第二段“They used eight radio telescopes... The telescopes got signals from the black hole.”，可知通过望远镜收集信号，选C，其余选项错误。
25题：定位原文第二段最后一句“It took them about two years to get the final picture.”，选B，其余时间不符。
26题：A选项原文是“首张照片”而非“很多照片”，错误；B选项原文提到黑洞离地球很远，错误；C选项原文最后一段说明照片能帮助了解黑洞，正确；D选项原文提到黑洞不是唯一的，错误，选C。
任务二：
27题：原文第二段明确2019年拍了首张黑洞照片，故为T。
28题：原文提到没使用相机，故为F。
29题：原文说黑洞离地球约5500万光年，很远，故为F。
30题：原文提到黑洞不是宇宙中唯一的，故为F。
任务三：结合原文关键信息，提炼为：They used eight radio telescopes to get signals and computers to process them.（符合字数要求）
【答案】
23.D 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.T 28.F 29.F 30.F 31. They used eight radio telescopes to get signals and computers to process them.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解题，信息提取题
【点评】
本文围绕黑洞首张照片展开，考查学生快速定位原文细节的能力，题目多为基础细节题，难度适中，仔细阅读原文即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.8
