三、七选五阅读
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A forest is a large area of land, covered by trees that little light reaches (到达) the ground. Different types of forest grow in different parts of the world. Forest provide (提供) food and home for many different animals. 1 Many of them keep to the top of the tree.
Besides providing homes and food for animals, trees give us a useful gift: wood. The first tools made by humans were sticks. 2 For example, we use wood to build houses, boats, toys and many other things. We make paper from wood as well.
Forests cover about a third of the Earth's surface. As long as they get enough water, and the weather is not too hot or too cold, they can grow almost anywhere. 3 The largest rain forest on the Earth is Amazon, and more than half of it is in Brazil. It is so big that a fifth of all the world's bird species live there. Germany's mountainous forest is called the "Black Forest". 4
Forest does not form overnight. Just like humans, a forest starts small, then grows through many years. Everything starts with a bare ground (空地). Then, short and grassy plants start to grow. After several years, taller shrubs (灌木) begin to grow. 5 After 50 to 150 years or so, what was once a young forest is now full of bigger trees.
A. But no two forests will look the same.
B. Forests are useful in many different ways.
C. We still depend on wood and use it in many ways.
D. It takes years before small shrubs turn into bigger trees.
E. After about 25 to 50 years, faster-growing trees take the place.
F. More animals live in forests than anywhere else on Earth.
G. Because the trees grow so closely that it is too dark to walk through.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

1.F
2.C
3.A
4.G
5.E

【分析】
做七选五阅读首先要通读全文，梳理整篇文章围绕森林展开的说明逻辑，再逐空定位前后文的线索：先看空前后的核心话题，判断是承接话题、举例引出、因果解释还是时间顺承关系，再匹配对应选项，排除两个多余干扰项。比如第一空前后都在讲森林和动物的关系，就优先锁定和动物相关的选项；第二空前后讲人类对木头的使用，就找衔接古今木头用途的选项，以此类推逐个匹配。
【解析】
1. 空前提到“森林为很多不同的动物提供食物和家园”，空后说明“很多动物待在树的顶层”，F选项“生活在森林里的动物比地球上其他任何地方都多”既承接前文的动物相关话题，其中的大量动物也对应后文的代词“它们”，逻辑连贯。
2. 空前提到“人类最早制造的工具是木棍”，空后列举了用木头建造房屋、造船、造纸等多种用途，C选项“我们仍然依赖木头，在很多方面使用它”承接过去人类使用木头的历史，引出后文的各类用途举例，衔接自然。
3. 空前提到森林几乎可以在符合条件的任意区域生长，空后分别举了亚马逊雨林和德国黑森林两个特征完全不同的森林案例，A选项“但是没有两片森林看起来是完全一样的”承上启下，引出后文不同森林的差异介绍。
4. 空前提到德国的山地森林被命名为“黑森林”，G选项“因为树木长得非常茂密，里面太黑了根本没法穿行”正好解释了“黑森林”名称的由来，逻辑完全匹配。
5. 空前后是森林生长的完整时间线：先长草本植物→再长灌木→____→50到150年后长成满是大树的成熟森林，E选项“大约25到50年后，生长更快的树木就会取代灌木”是生长过程中缺失的中间时间节点，符合顺承逻辑。
【答案】
1.F 2.C 3.A 4.G 5.E
【知识点】
七选五阅读，语篇逻辑衔接，细节信息匹配
【点评】
这是一篇介绍森林相关常识的说明文类七选五，线索非常清晰，解题时重点关注前后文的话题呼应、因果对应、时间顺序逻辑就能快速锁定答案，适合用来训练基础阅读的语篇衔接判断能力。
【难度系数】
0.7

四、阅读表达
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。注意：题超过7个。
Huangguoshu Waterfall is the largest waterfall both in China and in Asia It is in Anshun, Guizhou Province. The waterfall is 77.8 meters high and 101 meters wide (宽), with the main waterfall 67 meters high and its top 83.3 meters wide. It got its name from a local plant — the Huangguo tree.

There are 18 waterfalls with different sizes. All the waterfalls form a great "family". It was listed as the world's largest waterfall group by the Guinness World Records (吉尼斯世界纪录) in 1999.
Huangguoshu Waterfall is different from other waterfalls in the world. Visitors can see it from different angles (角度) — above, below, front, back, left and right. Behind it is a 134-meter-long water — curtain cave (水帘洞). Visitors can go inside, touch the waterfall and even see a rainbow on a sunny day. It is also one of the filming places of the TV series Journey to the West.
1. Where is Huangguoshu Waterfall?

2. How wide is Huangguoshu Waterfall?

3. How many waterfalls are there in the Huangguoshu Waterfall family?

4. What makes Huangguoshu Waterfall different from other waterfalls?

5. What do you think of Huangguoshu Waterfall?

1. In Anshun, Guizhou Province.
2. It is 101 meters wide.
3. 18. / Eighteen (waterfalls).
4. Visitors can see it from different angles.
5. Wonderful. / Special. /...
(开放性问题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可)

【分析】
这是一道细节类阅读表达题，题干明确要求每小题答案不超过7个单词，解题时首先要根据题干的疑问词，回到原文精准定位对应的语句，提取核心信息，筛选出符合字数要求的内容作答：1. 第一题询问位置，直接定位原文介绍黄果树瀑布地理位置的语句提取信息；2. 第二题询问宽度，找到原文标注瀑布宽度的数值整理成短句；3. 第三题询问瀑布群的数量，直接提取对应的数字即可；4. 第四题询问和其他瀑布的不同之处，定位第三段开头的对应描述提取核心内容；5. 第五题为开放题，给出符合语境的简短正面评价即可，全程注意控制答案单词数不超过7。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第二句"It is in Anshun, Guizhou Province."，直接提取地点信息，符合字数限制要求。
2. 定位原文第一段"The waterfall is 77.8 meters high and 101 meters wide"，提取宽度相关信息，整理为符合要求的短句。
3. 定位原文第二段第一句"There are 18 waterfalls with different sizes."，直接给出对应的数量即可。
4. 定位原文第三段前两句，提取黄果树瀑布区别于其他瀑布的核心特征，内容刚好符合7词以内的要求。
5. 本题为开放性作答，只要给出合理的正向评价，单词数不超过7即可，言之有理都算正确。
【答案】
1. In Anshun, Guizhou Province.
2. It is 101 meters wide.
3. 18. / Eighteen (waterfalls).
4. Visitors can see it from different angles.
5. Wonderful. / Special. /...（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
文本细节定位，阅读简答
【点评】
本题属于基础的英语阅读简答题型，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文中定位获取，重点考察学生快速检索文本关键信息的能力，同时设置的开放题也引导学生结合文本内容自主表达感受，需要学生特别注意题干要求的答案单词数不超过7的限制，避免超字数失分。
【难度系数】
0.8