Ⅰ. 选出与其他三个不同类的单词。
()1. A. fast B. quickly
C. rapid D. last
()2. A. climate B. cloudy
C. rainy D. snowy
()3. A. goodness B. good
C. better D. best
()4. A. pea B. green
C. cabbage D. bean
()5. A. lively B. active
C. disappointed D. lovely

1. D 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C

【分析】
本题为英语单词分类题，需逐一分析每组单词的词性、词义范畴，找出不同类的选项：
1. 第1题：A.fast（快的/地）、B.quickly（快地）、C.rapid（快的）均表“速度快”，D.last（最后的/持续）与速度无关，故不同类；
2. 第2题：B.cloudy、C.rainy、D.snowy均为描述天气的形容词，A.climate（气候）是名词，与其他词性不同；
3. 第3题：B.good、C.better、D.best均为形容词good的不同级形式，A.goodness（善良）是名词，词性不同；
4. 第4题：A.pea、C.cabbage、D.bean均为蔬菜类名词，B.green（绿色）是颜色类名词，范畴不同；
5. 第5题：A.lively、B.active、D.lovely均为正面/积极的形容词，C.disappointed（失望的）是负面情绪形容词，情感色彩不同。
【解析】
1. 选项A、B、C均与“快”相关，D与速度无关，故选D；
2. 选项B、C、D为天气类形容词，A为气候名词，故选A；
3. 选项B、C、D为形容词的不同级，A为名词，故选A；
4. 选项A、C、D为蔬菜类名词，B为颜色类名词，故选B；
5. 选项A、B、D为正面形容词，C为负面形容词，故选C。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C
【知识点】
英语词汇分类、词性辨析
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇的词性、词义及范畴分类，属于常见的词汇基础题型，侧重考查学生对常用单词的掌握程度，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅱ.选择恰当的单词填入横线处，使上下两个句子意思一致。
disappointed，protect，home to，in fact，take action
1. We should keep the ecosystem safe because it plays an important role in our lives.
We should the ecosystem because it plays an important role in our lives.
2. Many kinds of birds live in the forest.
The forest is many kinds of birds.
3. We should do something to save the animals.
We should to save the animals.
4. She felt sad and down when she heard the awful result.
She was when she heard the awful result.
5. Actually, he is a very kind-hearted person.
, he is a very kind-hearted person.

1. protect 2. home; to
3. take; action 4. disappointed
5. In; fact

【分析】
本题为同义句转换题，需结合上下句句意，从给定的单词和短语中选择合适的内容填空，核心是匹配词义和固定搭配。先分析每道题的句意，找到上下句需要替换的部分，再对应匹配给定的词汇/短语即可。
【解析】
1. 上句“keep the ecosystem safe”意为“保持生态系统安全”，需同义动词，给定词中protect（保护）符合语境，故填protect。
2. 上句“Many kinds of birds live in the forest”意为“很多鸟类生活在森林里”，对应“森林是很多鸟类的家园”，固定搭配home to表示“是……的栖息地/家园”，故填home; to。
3. 上句“do something to save the animals”意为“做些事拯救动物”，对应固定短语take action（采取行动），故填take; action。
4. 上句“felt sad and down”意为“感到悲伤沮丧”，对应形容词disappointed（失望的、沮丧的），故填disappointed。
5. 上句“Actually”意为“实际上”，对应固定短语in fact，故填In; fact。
【答案】
1. protect 2. home; to 3. take; action 4. disappointed 5. In; fact
【知识点】
同义短语替换，固定搭配，形容词词义辨析
【点评】
本题为基础同义转换题，主要考察给定词汇和短语的词义及常用搭配，难度较低，只要掌握各词汇/短语的含义就能轻松完成，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅲ. 填入恰当的单词使语义通顺、语法正确。
1. Spring makes the garden (生机勃勃的). Trees put out shoots, birds sing loudly, and dragonflies fly around the flowers.
2. All students in the class joined in the outdoor activity Lily, who hurt her leg and had to stay at home.
3. Most students in our school play a role in (keep) the school clean and tidy.
4. It's said that whales can weigh several (ton). They're really heavy animals on earth.
5. His great-grandmother has lived to (达到) 124 years old and is still alive, who is considered one of the longest-living people in China.

1. lively 2. except 3. keeping 4. tons
5. up

【分析】
本题为英语词汇与语法填空题，需结合固定结构、语境、词性变化等解题：1. 第1题考查“make + 宾语 + 形容词”的使役结构，需填表“生机勃勃的”形容词；2. 第2题根据语境“除Lily外（她受伤在家）”，需选表“排除在外”的介词；3. 第3题考查“play a role in”后接动名词的固定搭配；4. 第4题需注意several后接可数名词复数；5. 第5题考查“live up to”的固定搭配，表“达到（年龄）”。
【解析】
1. “make + 宾语 + 形容词”是使役动词的固定结构，表“使某物处于某种状态”，“生机勃勃的”对应形容词lively，故填lively；2. 语境为全班都参加户外活动，Lily因伤未参加，表“排除在外的除……之外”用介词except，故填except；3. “play a role in”中in为介词，介词后需接动词的动名词形式，keep的动名词是keeping，故填keeping；4. several意为“几个”，后接可数名词复数，ton的复数形式为tons，故填tons；5. “live up to”是固定搭配，意为“达到（年龄、标准等）”，此处指达到124岁，故填up。
【答案】1. lively 2. except 3. keeping 4. tons 5. up
【知识点】固定搭配、动名词、名词复数
【点评】本题考查英语基础词汇与语法的应用，涵盖固定结构、词性变化等核心知识点，难度较低，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.8

Ⅳ.综合填空。
tiny, but, climate, inside, less,
or, happy, at all, appear, good
Mushrooms usually grow in damp（潮湿的）and dark places, like under trees or in forests. They come in many shapes and colours, from (1) white buttons（纽扣状的）to big brown umbrellas, and their colours can be white, brown, (2) even bright red. Some mushrooms are delicious and safe to eat, (3) others can make you very sick.
Did you know that eating mushrooms can bring us (4) ? Scientists have studied this and found that mushrooms have special things (5) them, which is like a “happy helper”. When we have enough of them, we feel calm, relaxed, and (6) worried.
Wild mushrooms taste (7) than cultivated（人工种植的）mushrooms. When it rains a lot, mushrooms grow quickly. However, (8) change is making the weather very strange. Sometimes it’s too hot and dry, and wild mushrooms can’t grow (9) . If the earth keeps getting warmer, many mushrooms might (10) .

1. tiny 2. or 3. but 4. happiness
5. inside 6. less 7. better 8. climate
9. at all 10. disappear

【分析】这是一道综合填空题，解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再结合每个空格前后的语境、词汇的词义及词性，从给定词汇中选择匹配的单词，同时注意语法规则和固定搭配，确保所选单词符合逻辑与文意。
【解析】1. 此处描述蘑菇的形状从极小的纽扣状到大型伞状，需形容词修饰white buttons，故选tiny；2. 列举颜色时表选择关系，用or；3. 前后句是转折关系，用but连接；4. bring后需名词作宾语，结合后文“happy helper”，选happiness；5. 表示蘑菇内部的特殊物质，用inside；6. 结合前文“calm, relaxed”，此处指更少的担忧，用less；7. 由than可知用比较级，taste better符合语境；8. 后文提到天气变化，此处指气候，用climate；9. not...at all是固定搭配，表“根本不”，符合文意；10. 地球变暖导致蘑菇无法生长，可能消失，用disappear。
【答案】1. tiny 2. or 3. but 4. happiness 5. inside 6. less 7. better 8. climate 9. at all 10. disappear
【知识点】词汇运用、语境理解、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查学生对词汇的综合运用能力，需结合上下文逻辑和语法规则选词，难度适中，能有效检验学生的英语基础。
【难度系数】0.6