2026年能力培养与测试七年级英语上册人教版第140页答案
三、重点语法。
序数词
数词是表示数目多少或顺序先后的词,包括基数词和序数词两种。
序数词表示顺序的先后。序数词前常用定冠词the或物主代词,有时亦可用不定冠词或零冠词。表达日期既可用序数词,又可用基数词。但英式英语与美式英语表达有所不同。如“8月2日”在英式英语中可书写成2nd August或2 August,在美式英语中则书写成August 2nd或August 2。而在口语中则读成the second of August(英),August (the) second(美)。
how much与how many引导的特殊疑问句
how much引导的特殊疑问句通常用于询问不可数名词的量、事物的价格和重量等。how many引导的特殊疑问句用于询问可数名词的数量。在使用上,how much可以单独使用,而how many一般需要与可数名词的复数形式连用。
语法附加小练习。(翻译下列句子)
1.我的生日是6月22日。
My birthday is on 22nd June/22 June/June 22nd/June 22.

2.今天是2月9日。
Today is 9th February/9 February/February 9th/February 9.

3.中国的国庆节是10月1日。
China's National Day is on 1st October/1 October/October 1st/October 1.

4.你想要多少牛奶?
How much milk do you want?

5.你需要多少橙子?
How many oranges do you need?

6.这些礼物多少钱?
How much are these gifts?

答案

1. My birthday is on 22nd June/22 June/June 22nd/June 22.
2. Today is 9th February/9 February/February 9th/February 9.
3. China's National Day is on 1st October/1 October/October 1st/October 1.
4. How much milk do you want?
5. How many oranges do you need?
6. How much are these gifts?

解析

【分析】本题考查英语中序数词表达日期的用法,以及how much与how many的区别。解题思路:1. 日期表达需注意:具体日期前用介词on,序数词可缩写(如1st、22nd),英式英语常“日+月”结构,美式常“月+日”结构,也可直接用基数词;2. how much用于不可数名词(如牛奶)或询问价格,how many用于可数名词复数(如橙子),需根据名词类型选择对应疑问词,再按特殊疑问句结构组织句子。
【解析】1. 生日属于具体日期,前加介词on,日期可采用英式或美式表达,故译为:My birthday is on 22nd June/22 June/June 22nd/June 2.
2. 同理,具体日期前用on,译为:Today is 9th February/9 February/February 9th/February 9.
3. 国庆节是具体节日日期,前加on,译为:China's National Day is on 1st October/1 October/October 1st/October 1.
4. 牛奶(milk)是不可数名词,询问数量用how much,故译为:How much milk do you want?
5. 橙子(oranges)是可数名词复数,询问数量用how many,故译为:How many oranges do you need?
6. 询问礼物(gifts)的价格,用how much,故译为:How much are these gifts?
【答案】1. My birthday is on 22nd June/22 June/June 22nd/June 2.
2. Today is 9th February/9 February/February 9th/February 9.
3. China's National Day is on 1st October/1 October/October 1st/October 1.
4. How much milk do you want?
5. How many oranges do you need?
6. How much are these gifts?
【知识点】序数词表达日期、how much与how many的用法、英语特殊疑问句
【点评】本题为英语基础语法应用练习,聚焦核心考点:序数词在日期中的不同表达规则,以及how much与how many的区分使用,是初中英语必须掌握的基础内容,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3