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一、阅读理解。
A
We know that Venus, Jupiter, Mercury and Saturn are four planets in the solar system. But do you know where their English names originated（来源）from? Let's have a look.
Venus is the sixth largest planet as well as the hottest one in the solar system. Except（除……外）the Sun and Moon, Venus is the brightest star in the sky, just like a shinning diamond（钻石）. So the Romans call it Venus, the goddess（女神）of beauty.
Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. Its surface is colorful, and it has a planetary（行星的）ring. Jupiter is the king of gods（神）in ancient Roman mythology（神话）.
Jupiter
Mercury is closer to the Sun than any other planet, and it is the smallest and lightest planet in the solar system. It usually appears along with the Sun. Mercury is a god that passes messages for other gods in ancient Roman mythology.
Mercury
Saturn is the second biggest planet in the solar system. Saturn's rings are made of dust and ice. In Roman mythology, Saturn is the god of time, because this planet moves slowly.
Saturn
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
（）1. Which is the brightest planet of the four planets?
A. Saturn.
B. Venus.
C. Jupiter.
D. Mercury.
order of the four planets?
①Venus ②Jupiter ③Mercury ④Saturn
A. ①②③④
B. ②④①③
C. ④①③②
D. ②③①④
（）3. In which part of the newspaper can we probably read this text?
A. Environment.
B. Art.
C. Universe.
D. Weather.
A
We know that Venus, Jupiter, Mercury and Saturn are four planets in the solar system. But do you know where their English names originated（来源）from? Let's have a look.
Venus is the sixth largest planet as well as the hottest one in the solar system. Except（除……外）the Sun and Moon, Venus is the brightest star in the sky, just like a shinning diamond（钻石）. So the Romans call it Venus, the goddess（女神）of beauty.
Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. Its surface is colorful, and it has a planetary（行星的）ring. Jupiter is the king of gods（神）in ancient Roman mythology（神话）.
Jupiter
Mercury is closer to the Sun than any other planet, and it is the smallest and lightest planet in the solar system. It usually appears along with the Sun. Mercury is a god that passes messages for other gods in ancient Roman mythology.
Mercury
Saturn is the second biggest planet in the solar system. Saturn's rings are made of dust and ice. In Roman mythology, Saturn is the god of time, because this planet moves slowly.
Saturn
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
（）1. Which is the brightest planet of the four planets?
A. Saturn.
B. Venus.
C. Jupiter.
D. Mercury.
order of the four planets?
①Venus ②Jupiter ③Mercury ④Saturn
A. ①②③④
B. ②④①③
C. ④①③②
D. ②③①④
（）3. In which part of the newspaper can we probably read this text?
A. Environment.
B. Art.
C. Universe.
D. Weather.
答案
1. B 由表格第一栏第二句可知，金星是四颗行星中最亮的。
2. B 由表格中关于四个行星的介绍可知，木星最大，土星第二大，金星第六大，水星最小。故选B。
3. C 通读材料可知，本材料主要介绍太阳系中的四颗行星，故可以在报纸的“宇宙”板块读到。
2. B 由表格中关于四个行星的介绍可知，木星最大，土星第二大，金星第六大，水星最小。故选B。
3. C 通读材料可知，本材料主要介绍太阳系中的四颗行星，故可以在报纸的“宇宙”板块读到。
解析
【分析】做这类英语阅读理解题，需先明确每个问题的核心，再带着问题定位原文对应段落，提取关键信息作答。第1题问四颗行星中最亮的，定位到Venus的介绍段落找相关描述；第2题问四颗行星的大小顺序，需分别找出原文中各行星的大小描述再排序；第3题问文章所属板块，需总结文章主旨判断。
【解析】1. 根据原文第二段“Except the Sun and Moon, Venus is the brightest star in the sky...”，可知四颗行星中最亮的是金星，对应选项B。2. 原文第三段指出Jupiter是最大的行星，第五段提到Saturn是第二大，第二段说明Venus是第六大，第四段表明Mercury是最小的，因此大小顺序为②Jupiter→④Saturn→①Venus→③Mercury，对应选项B。3. 文章主要介绍太阳系中四颗行星的相关信息，属于宇宙范畴，因此可在报纸的“宇宙”板块读到，对应选项C。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C
【知识点】阅读理解细节理解、阅读理解主旨大意
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解基础题型，围绕太阳系行星展开，侧重考查学生快速定位原文细节和概括主旨的能力，题目难度不大，只要仔细阅读原文即可正确解答。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 根据原文第二段“Except the Sun and Moon, Venus is the brightest star in the sky...”，可知四颗行星中最亮的是金星，对应选项B。2. 原文第三段指出Jupiter是最大的行星，第五段提到Saturn是第二大，第二段说明Venus是第六大，第四段表明Mercury是最小的，因此大小顺序为②Jupiter→④Saturn→①Venus→③Mercury，对应选项B。3. 文章主要介绍太阳系中四颗行星的相关信息，属于宇宙范畴，因此可在报纸的“宇宙”板块读到，对应选项C。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C
【知识点】阅读理解细节理解、阅读理解主旨大意
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解基础题型，围绕太阳系行星展开，侧重考查学生快速定位原文细节和概括主旨的能力，题目难度不大，只要仔细阅读原文即可正确解答。
【难度系数】0.7
