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阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。
the because to develop run Chinese city clear made feeds
The Yellow River is the most famous mother river of China. It runs from the mountains 1.
The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese 5.
The river starts from Qinghai Province in northwestern China. It runs through many places before 6.
So far, our country has 9.
the because to develop run Chinese city clear made feeds
The Yellow River is the most famous mother river of China. It runs from the mountains 1.
to
the sea. It has created one of 2. the
oldest and greatest ancient cultures in the world. For thousands of years, it has nurtured(养育) Chinese people. In the hearts of 3. Chinese
people, this river is a symbol of our nation. It continues to play an important part in our country's 4. development
.The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese 5.
because
its water is yellow, as it took lots of yellow sand to the water when it ran through the Loess Plateau(黄土高原).The river starts from Qinghai Province in northwestern China. It runs through many places before 6.
running
into the Bohai Sea. The 5,464-kilometre-long river 7. feeds
about 12% of China's population and offers water for farmland and over 60 8. cities
.So far, our country has 9.
made
great efforts in river environmental protection to cut pollution. Each year, millions of tons of sand and waste rubbish are stopped from entering the river. Our mother river has become much 10. clearer
than it was in the past.答案
1. to 2. the 3. Chinese 4. development 5. because 6. running 7. feeds
8. cities 9. made 10. clearer
8. cities 9. made 10. clearer
解析
【分析】
本题是选词并用适当形式填空的题型，解题思路为：先通读短文理解主旨（围绕黄河展开），再结合每个空的前后语境、固定搭配、语法规则（如冠词、词性转换、非谓语动词、时态、比较级等），选择方框内的单词并变形。步骤：1. 分析固定搭配类空格；2. 处理冠词、词性转换类空格；3. 结合时态、主谓一致等语法规则确定动词形式；4. 注意名词复数、比较级等变化。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“from...to...”表示“从……到……”，故填to；
2. 形容词最高级oldest前需加定冠词the，构成“one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数”结构，故填the；
3. 此处修饰名词people，需用形容词Chinese（中国的），故填Chinese；
4. 空前是名词所有格country's，后面需名词，develop的名词形式为development（发展），故填development；
5. 前半句说明黄河得名，后半句解释原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because；
6. 介词before后接动词的动名词形式，run的动名词为running，故填running；
7. 主语the river是单数，一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数，feed的三单形式为feeds，意为“供养”，故填feeds；
8. 空前是数词60，需接可数名词复数，city的复数为cities，故填cities；
9. so far是现在完成时标志，结构为“has + 过去分词”，make的过去分词为made，构成固定搭配make great efforts（付出巨大努力），故填made；
10. 由than可知需用形容词比较级，clear的比较级为clearer，意为“更清澈”，故填clearer。
【答案】
1. to 2. the 3. Chinese 4. development 5. because 6. running 7. feeds 8. cities 9. made 10. clearer
【知识点】
固定搭配与冠词用法、词性转换、动词时态
【点评】
本题围绕黄河主题，考察基础词汇的词义运用、词性转换及英语基础语法，是初中英语常见的基础题型，难度适中，能有效检验学生对核心知识点的掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题是选词并用适当形式填空的题型，解题思路为：先通读短文理解主旨（围绕黄河展开），再结合每个空的前后语境、固定搭配、语法规则（如冠词、词性转换、非谓语动词、时态、比较级等），选择方框内的单词并变形。步骤：1. 分析固定搭配类空格；2. 处理冠词、词性转换类空格；3. 结合时态、主谓一致等语法规则确定动词形式；4. 注意名词复数、比较级等变化。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“from...to...”表示“从……到……”，故填to；
2. 形容词最高级oldest前需加定冠词the，构成“one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数”结构，故填the；
3. 此处修饰名词people，需用形容词Chinese（中国的），故填Chinese；
4. 空前是名词所有格country's，后面需名词，develop的名词形式为development（发展），故填development；
5. 前半句说明黄河得名，后半句解释原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because；
6. 介词before后接动词的动名词形式，run的动名词为running，故填running；
7. 主语the river是单数，一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数，feed的三单形式为feeds，意为“供养”，故填feeds；
8. 空前是数词60，需接可数名词复数，city的复数为cities，故填cities；
9. so far是现在完成时标志，结构为“has + 过去分词”，make的过去分词为made，构成固定搭配make great efforts（付出巨大努力），故填made；
10. 由than可知需用形容词比较级，clear的比较级为clearer，意为“更清澈”，故填clearer。
【答案】
1. to 2. the 3. Chinese 4. development 5. because 6. running 7. feeds 8. cities 9. made 10. clearer
【知识点】
固定搭配与冠词用法、词性转换、动词时态
【点评】
本题围绕黄河主题，考察基础词汇的词义运用、词性转换及英语基础语法，是初中英语常见的基础题型，难度适中，能有效检验学生对核心知识点的掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.6
阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。（注意每小题的词数要求）
People are once again impressed by a recent science fiction movie. In the movie, people living on a dry desert planet wear special suits. The suits have a surprising function—they can turn human sweat into clean drinking water for people to use.
This fantastic technology seems impossible in real life. However, similar water recycling technology has already been put into use on Earth.
Many people believe that our planet has enough water resources. As a matter of fact, usable clean fresh water is very limited on Earth. To solve this problem, many countries are working on advanced water-saving and water-recycling technologies. Germany has created a highly practical waste water reuse system, which divides daily waste water into three kinds and makes full use of them.
Rainwater collected in rainy days is mainly used to water gardens and green plants in the community. “gray water” coming from kitchen and bathroom sinks does not contain harmful waste, so it is reused to flush toilets. As for “black water” from toilets, it will be sent to professional factories. After strict processing, it is changed into biogas(沼气) to offer energy for local residents.
This smart water reuse system achieves two goals at the same time. It greatly cuts down the waste of fresh water and provides clean energy for local people. Though the system works well, it is not easy to be widely spread. It costs too much money to install the new system in old buildings. Still, we have reason to believe it will become popular one day, just like LED lights which were costly at first.
Water resource protection is a long-term task for everyone. No matter what advanced technologies we have, saving water is always the most important way. Only by using every drop of water wisely can we protect our water resources for future generations.
1—3: Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
The introduction of Germany’s water reuse system
4. Why is the new system hard to spread widely?
（不超过5词）
5. What does the writer advise us to do in the last paragraph?
（不超过5词）
People are once again impressed by a recent science fiction movie. In the movie, people living on a dry desert planet wear special suits. The suits have a surprising function—they can turn human sweat into clean drinking water for people to use.
This fantastic technology seems impossible in real life. However, similar water recycling technology has already been put into use on Earth.
Many people believe that our planet has enough water resources. As a matter of fact, usable clean fresh water is very limited on Earth. To solve this problem, many countries are working on advanced water-saving and water-recycling technologies. Germany has created a highly practical waste water reuse system, which divides daily waste water into three kinds and makes full use of them.
Rainwater collected in rainy days is mainly used to water gardens and green plants in the community. “gray water” coming from kitchen and bathroom sinks does not contain harmful waste, so it is reused to flush toilets. As for “black water” from toilets, it will be sent to professional factories. After strict processing, it is changed into biogas(沼气) to offer energy for local residents.
This smart water reuse system achieves two goals at the same time. It greatly cuts down the waste of fresh water and provides clean energy for local people. Though the system works well, it is not easy to be widely spread. It costs too much money to install the new system in old buildings. Still, we have reason to believe it will become popular one day, just like LED lights which were costly at first.
Water resource protection is a long-term task for everyone. No matter what advanced technologies we have, saving water is always the most important way. Only by using every drop of water wisely can we protect our water resources for future generations.
1—3: Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
The introduction of Germany’s water reuse system
4. Why is the new system hard to spread widely?
（不超过5词）
5. What does the writer advise us to do in the last paragraph?
（不超过5词）
答案
1. water gardens and green plants
2. flush toilets
3. biogas
4. High building cost. /It costs a lot.
5. Saving water. /Use water wisely.
2. flush toilets
3. biogas
4. High building cost. /It costs a lot.
5. Saving water. /Use water wisely.
解析
【分析】解题时需根据题目要求，定位原文对应段落，提取关键信息，同时注意各小题的词数限制。第1题对应Rainwater的用途，找原文中雨水使用的表述；第2题对应Gray water的用途，定位gray water相关句子；第3题对应Black water的转化结果，找black water处理后的产物；第4题找新系统难推广的原因，定位相关句子提炼；第5题找最后一段作者的建议，提取核心内容，确保符合词数要求。
【解析】1. 根据原文第四段“Rainwater collected in rainy days is mainly used to water gardens and green plants in the community.”，提取符合词数要求的内容，故填water gardens and green plants；2. 原文第四段“gray water... is reused to flush toilets.”，提取后填flush toilets；3. 原文第四段“As for “black water”... it is changed into biogas”，填biogas；4. 原文第五段“It costs too much money to install the new system in old buildings.”，提炼为It costs a lot.（符合不超过5词要求）；5. 原文最后一段“saving water is always the most important way”，提取为Saving water.（符合要求）。
【答案】1. water gardens and green plants 2. flush toilets 3. biogas 4. It costs a lot. 5. Saving water.
【知识点】阅读理解细节理解、信息提取
【点评】本题为信息提取类阅读理解题，考查学生快速定位原文、提取关键信息并按要求作答的能力，需注意词数限制，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 根据原文第四段“Rainwater collected in rainy days is mainly used to water gardens and green plants in the community.”，提取符合词数要求的内容，故填water gardens and green plants；2. 原文第四段“gray water... is reused to flush toilets.”，提取后填flush toilets；3. 原文第四段“As for “black water”... it is changed into biogas”，填biogas；4. 原文第五段“It costs too much money to install the new system in old buildings.”，提炼为It costs a lot.（符合不超过5词要求）；5. 原文最后一段“saving water is always the most important way”，提取为Saving water.（符合要求）。
【答案】1. water gardens and green plants 2. flush toilets 3. biogas 4. It costs a lot. 5. Saving water.
【知识点】阅读理解细节理解、信息提取
【点评】本题为信息提取类阅读理解题，考查学生快速定位原文、提取关键信息并按要求作答的能力，需注意词数限制，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
