阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
put one believe remember close
important before evidence find train
It's a common 1. that fish can't remember anything for longer than seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that every moment in their lives would be like seeing the world for the 2. time. But don't be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study 3. that fish have much better memories than we used to think.
In the study, researchers from MacEwan University in Canada 4. a kind of fish called African cichlids(慈鲷) to go to a certain area of their tank to get food. They took the fish out and then waited for 12 days 5. putting them back in the tank again. They found that after such a long break the fish still went to the same place where they first got food.
In fact, scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. But there was no clear 6. until the latest findings.
Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an 7. part when a fish is trying to survive in the wild. "If fish are able to 8. that a certain area contains(容纳) safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without 9. their lives in danger," lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.
So next time you are watching your pet fish from outside the tank, perhaps you should feel 10. to them—they may remember who you are.

1. belief 2. first 3. has found 4. trained 5. before 6. evidence 7. important 8. remember 9. putting 10. closer

【分析】
这是一道英语选词填空题，解题思路如下：首先通读全文，理解短文围绕“鱼类记忆的新研究”展开的主旨；接着明确方框内各词的词义与词性；再结合每个空所在句子的语境、语法结构（如词性要求、时态、非谓语形式、固定搭配等），选择合适的词并转换为正确形式；最后通读检查，确保语义通顺、语法无误。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“common belief”意为“普遍的看法”，此处需名词，故填belief；
2. 固定搭配“for the first time”意为“第一次”，符合语境，故填first；
3. 主语“A new study”是单数，此处用现在完成时表示研究已得出的结果，故填has found；
4. 描述过去的研究动作，用一般过去时，train的过去式为trained，故填trained；
5. 介词before表示“在……之前”，符合“等待12天再放回鱼缸”的逻辑，故填before；
6. 句意表达“没有明确的证据”，需名词，故填evidence；
7. 固定搭配“play an important part”意为“起重要作用”，需形容词，故填important；
8. “be able to”后接动词原形，结合语境“记住安全食物的区域”，故填remember；
9. 介词without后接动名词，put的动名词为putting，“put...in danger”意为“使……处于危险”，故填putting；
10. feel后接形容词比较级，结合语境“离鱼更近”，故填closer。
【答案】
1. belief 2. first 3. has found 4. trained 5. before 6. evidence 7. important 8. remember 9. putting 10. closer
【知识点】
词汇形式变化、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题通过关于鱼类记忆的短文语境，考察学生对方框内词汇的词义理解及在具体语境中运用词汇正确形式（词性转换、时态、非谓语、比较级等）的能力，注重语境分析与语法知识的综合运用，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

Have you ever forgotten where your socks are when you wake up in the morning? Can you remember what you ate for lunch a week ago? You may think that being forgetful is not a good thing. But now you should be thankful.
Scientists from University of Toronto
found that forgetting actually is a key part of learning. Getting rid of unnecessary information can help our brains work better.
What kind of information is unnecessary? Scientists say that this may have something to do with the environment you live in.
In an environment that is always changing,our brains may require us to remember less. For example, a supermarket cashier meets many people every day and will probably only remember them for a short time. But a designer who often meets his or her clients will remember longer.
“That’s because our brains keep making new neurons（神经元）from stem cells,” said Paul Frankland, a professor at the University of Toronto.
There is a special area in our brains called hippocampus（海马）. It is important for us to learn and remember. When new neurons fit in the hippocampus, they renew our old memories. This could explain why you forget so much information about the time when you were very young.
However, being forgetful is not always good. When you don’t have enough sleep, you may have a hard time remembering new information. Sleep helps the brain store and keep new facts and information. Matthew Walker from the University of California told the Huffington Post.
（）1. Scientists found that forgetting things can help .
A. keep making new neurons
B. our brains work better
C. change the environment
D. have a good sleep
（）2. We may in an environment that is always changing.
A. remember more
B. remember less
C. sleep better
D. sleep worse
（）3.【代词指代题】According to the passage, the underlined word “This” refers to .
A. making new neurons from stem cells
B. learning and remembering new things
C. new neurons’ renewing our old memories
D. getting rid of unnecessary information
（）4. helps the brain store and keep new facts and information.
A. Having enough sleep
B. Changing environment
C. Neurons’ fitting in the hippocampus
D. Working hard
（）5. What is the best title of the passage?
A. How to Remember New Information
B. How to Forget Things Easily
C. Sleeping Is Important
D. Forgetting Is Not Bad

1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D

【分析】
做此类英语阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握主旨（本文围绕“遗忘并非坏事，对大脑有益”展开），再针对各题型找对应解题方法：细节题抓关键词回原文定位；代词指代题看上下文最近的相关内容；主旨题梳理首尾段及各段大意。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“forgetting actually is a key part of learning. Getting rid of unnecessary information can help our brains work better.”可知，遗忘能帮助大脑更好地工作，故选B。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第四段第一句“In an environment that is always changing,our brains may require us to remember less.”可知，在不断变化的环境中，我们可能记得更少，故选B。
3. 代词指代题：根据原文第六段前文“When new neurons fit in the hippocampus, they renew our old memories. This could explain...”可知，This指代“新神经元更新我们的旧记忆”，故选C。
4. 细节理解题：根据原文第七段“Sleep helps the brain store and keep new facts and information.”可知，充足的睡眠帮助大脑储存和保持新信息，故选A。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕“遗忘其实不是坏事，对大脑有益”展开，故选D。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、代词指代题
【点评】
这是一篇科普类英语阅读理解，考查学生快速定位细节、分析代词逻辑及把握主旨的能力，题目设置贴合初中英语阅读常见考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6