B
KEY→P39
范畴:人与自然 主题:生态特征 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 评价:/5
Hello, I'm a desert—the driest place on Earth. Rain seldom visits me. Do you want to know how big I am? I cover about one-fifth of Earth's land.
I come in two main types. As a cold desert, I'm dry and chilly. And I lie in freezing areas near the North and South Poles. My ground is always covered with ice and snow. As a hot desert, I'm super dry and hot during the day, but when the sun sets, I can get really cold. I am full of sand. Do you know the largest hot desert in the world? That's the Sahara in North Africa.
Not many plants can handle my dry ways. A few of them have changed themselves to fit my conditions. Some have very long roots to take in my underground water. For example, a North American plant's roots can go down 50 metres to find water. A cactus(仙人掌) stores water in its thick stem.
Few animals can live in me, but the ones that do have smart tricks. Most of them sleep through the hot days and only come out at night when it is cooler. The most famous desert animal is the camel. A camel can go a long time without water. It can lose about one-third of its body weight and still survive. Once it finds water inside me, it can drink 115 liters or more in just a few minutes. How amazing!
()1. What per cent of Earth's land is desert?
A. 10％. B. 20％. C. 60％. D. 80％.
()2. Which word has the closest meaning to "chilly"?
A. Nice. B. Dark. C. Cold. D. Big.
()3. Which of the following is TRUE about desert animals?
A. Few animals can survive in the dry and hot weather.
B. A camel needs less than 5 liters of water in a month.
C. Desert animals always look for food during the day.
D. A camel can lose about two-thirds of its body weight.
()4. What can we learn from this passage?
A. There is enough rain in deserts every year.
B. The Sahara is the smallest desert on Earth.
C. At night the hot desert will become hotter.
D. Long roots help plants take in water better.
()5. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Two main types of deserts in the world. B. Some basic information about deserts.
C. The importance of fresh water in deserts. D. Animals' good ways of living in deserts.

B
本文主要介绍了沙漠的种类、生活在沙漠中的植物和动物及其相关特性。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I cover about one-fifth of Earth's land.”可知，沙漠覆盖了地球陆地面积的五分之一，就是百分之二十。
2. C 词义猜测题。寒冷沙漠位于南北极附近的冰冻地区，地面总是覆盖着冰雪，说明该沙漠气候非常寒冷，此处形容词chilly是“寒冷的”的意思，跟形容词cold的意思相近。
3. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 Few animals can live in me可知，只有极少数动物能够在这样炎热干燥的天气状况下生存。
4. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some have very long roots to take in my underground water.”可知，植物的根很长，目的是帮助植物更好地吸取沙漠中的地下水。
5. B 主旨大意题。本文首先介绍了沙漠是地球上最干燥的地方，覆盖五分之一的陆地，接着介绍了寒冷沙漠和炎热沙漠，分别描述了它们的特点，然后介绍了沙漠里的植物和动物如何适应环境，所以本文的主要内容是关于沙漠的一些基本情况。