五、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 用方框中的词语完成短文（每小题1分，共5分）
harmful, solutions, burn, protect, pollution
Air keeps us alive. But there is a lot of air 56. now. For example, people 57. oil and gas to make energy, and this pollutes the air. Cars on the roads give out 58. gases. Trees help keep the air fresh, but people are cutting them down. It's important for us to find 59. to these problems as soon as we can. Dirty air is harmful to us. Let's keep the air clean to 60. ourselves.

56. pollution 57. burn 58. harmful 59. solutions 60. protect

【分析】首先明确方框内单词的词义与词性：harmful（形容词，有害的）、solutions（名词复数，解决方法）、burn（动词，燃烧）、protect（动词，保护）、pollution（名词，污染）。再结合每句的语境、语法结构及固定搭配逐一匹配：56题需名词构成“air+名词”短语；57题需谓语动词；58题需形容词修饰名词；59题需符合“______ to problems”的固定搭配；60题需动词原形表目的。
【解析】56. 空格处需名词，“air pollution”是固定短语，意为“空气污染”，故填pollution；57. 句子缺谓语动词，“burn oil and gas”表示“燃烧石油和天然气”，符合语境，故填burn；58. 空格处修饰名词gases，需形容词，harmful意为“有害的”，“harmful gases”即“有害气体”，故填harmful；59. “solutions to problems”是固定搭配，意为“问题的解决方法”，故填solutions；60. 此处表目的，需动词原形，“protect ourselves”意为“保护我们自己”，符合语境，故填protect。
【答案】56. pollution 57. burn 58. harmful 59. solutions 60. protect
【知识点】词汇运用、固定搭配、词性辨析
【点评】本题为基础词汇填空题，侧重考查单词词义、词性及常用固定搭配的掌握，是英语基础题型，适合巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】0.8

第二节 阅读短文，回答问题（每小题2分，共10分）
Many students joined the Save Food Action in our school this week.
The activity began with a lecture. We learnt that lots of food is wasted every day. What's more, we came to understand that it is really harmful to the Earth. Growing food needs a lot of water, land and energy. When we waste food, we also waste these important resources. Wasted food also produces harmful gases and makes air pollution worse.
After the lecture, we all made up our minds to save food in our daily lives.
During lunchtime, we only took the food we could eat. Then we finished it and left nothing on our plates.
We also tried to encourage more schoolmates to save food. Some students made small posters with words like "Save food, Save our Earth" and put them up in the dining hall.
We will ask more people to join us in the future. We believe small changes can make a big difference.
61. What did students join this week?

62. What is the lecture mainly about?

63. How did students save food during lunchtime?

64. Why did some students put up some posters?

65. Could you think of another way to help save food? What is it?

61. They joined the Save Food Action. 62. Wasting food is harmful to the Earth. 63. They only took the food they could eat and finished eating it. 64. They wanted to encourage more schoolmates to save food. 65. Yes. For example, we could store leftovers properly in the fridge and eat them the next day instead of throwing them away.

【分析】
解答这类英语阅读题时，需先通读短文了解大意，再带着每个问题回原文定位对应信息：1. 针对细节题，直接查找原文中与问题相关的句子即可；2. 针对开放题，结合短文主题“节约食物”，联系生活实际给出合理答案。
【解析】
61. 定位原文第一句“Many students joined the Save Food Action in our school this week.”，可知学生参加的活动是Save Food Action；
62. 定位原文第二段，主要讲述浪费食物对地球有害，对应讲座的核心内容；
63. 定位原文第四段“During lunchtime, we only took the food we could eat. Then we finished it...”，提取节约食物的具体做法；
64. 定位原文第五段开头“We also tried to encourage more schoolmates to save food. Some students made small posters...”，明确贴海报的目的；
65. 围绕“节约食物”主题，结合生活实际给出合理的节约食物的方法即可。
【答案】
61. They joined the Save Food Action.
62. Wasting food is harmful to the Earth.
63. They only took the food they could eat and finished eating it.
64. They wanted to encourage more schoolmates to save food.
65. Yes. For example, we could store leftovers properly in the fridge and eat them the next day instead of throwing them away.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找、开放型表达
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，前4题考查学生从短文中提取关键信息的能力，最后一题考查学生结合主题发散思维的能力，整体贴近生活，难度适中，能引导学生树立节约食物的意识。
【难度系数】
0.6