Ⅲ. 阅读理解
Noise-canceling headphones(降噪耳机) bring you a quiet world, but using them for too long time might be bad for your brain, according to The New York Post.
Doctors from the UK's National Health Service(NHS) have seen more young people having “ear problems”. These problems include trouble understanding speech or needing subtitles(字幕) to watch videos. However, their ears are healthy; it's their brains that are affected. This problem is known as auditory processing disorder(APD). People with APD can hear sounds but find it hard to understand them.
“For our hearing to work well, our brains need to choose which sounds to focus on and which to ignore. We develop this ability when we hear different sounds. If we don't hear different kinds of sounds, we can lose this skills”, said NHS doctors. Noise-canceling headphones take away these different sounds, which might be part of the problem.
Claire Benton from the British Academy of Audiology said that wearing these headphones creates a “false environment” where you only hear what you want. This makes it easier for your brain, so it doesn't have to work so hard.
Noise travels in waves through air and water. Noise-canceling headphones stop these waves in two ways:One is to use things like special ear cups. The other is to use a microphone to cancel out noise with opposite sound waves.
This technology might be harmful if you use it too much. However, it is still helpful for people working in noisy places.
()1. How does the writer organize the passage?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By sharing stories.
C. By asking questions.
D. By giving explanation.
()2. What does the underlined word “This” refer to in Paragraph 4?
A. Having auditory processing disorder(APD).
B. Wearing noise-canceling headphones.
C. Hearing different kinds of sounds.
D. Choosing the brain.
()3. What can be inferred(推断) according to the passage?
A. Using noise-canceling headphones for a short time is safe.
B. Noise-canceling headphones are not popular among young people.
C. People with auditory processing disorder(APD) can't hear any sounds.
D. The brain doesn't need to work when we use noise-canceling headphones.
()4. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Noise-Canceling Headphones:Are They Good or Bad?
B. What Is Auditory Processing Disorder(APD)?
C. How to Use Noise-Canceling Headphones
D. Why Young People Have Ear Problems

1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A

【分析】
1. 第1题考查文章结构：通读全文，文章先提出降噪耳机可能有害，接着解释相关问题（APD）、原因及原理，属于通过解释说明组织内容，故选D。
2. 第2题考查词义指代：定位第四段，“This”前半句提到“wearing these headphones creates a ‘false environment’”，因此“This”指代“戴降噪耳机”，选B。
3. 第3题考查推理判断：A项，最后一段指出“使用过多有害”，可推断短时间使用安全，正确；B项文中未提是否受年轻人欢迎；C项与第二段“APD患者能听到声音”矛盾；D项是“不用那么努力”而非“不用工作”，错误，选A。
4. 第4题考查主旨大意：全文围绕降噪耳机的利弊展开，A项概括核心，B、C、D均片面，选A。
【解析】
1. 文章结构题：本文以解释降噪耳机的影响、相关问题及原理为行文逻辑，属于“给出解释”的结构，故答案为D。
2. 词义指代题：根据第四段语境，“This”指代前文的“wearing noise-canceling headphones”，故答案为B。
3. 推理判断题：A项由最后一段“使用过多有害”可合理推断短时间安全；B项文中未提及；C项与原文“APD患者能听到声音”矛盾；D项与原文“大脑不用那么努力”不符，故答案为A。
4. 主旨大意题：文章核心是讨论降噪耳机的利弊，A项标题符合，其余选项仅涉及局部内容，故答案为A。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.A 4.A
【知识点】
阅读理解、词义指代、主旨大意
【点评】
本题是关于降噪耳机的英语阅读理解，涵盖阅读理解核心题型，需学生掌握不同题型的解题方法，如词义指代找前文对应内容、主旨大意概括全文，整体难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6